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APM 2024 Interview: MESD discusses studies on alternative bunker fuels, outlook on maritime decarbonisation

Dr Imran, Programme Director, shares updates on studies in alternative bunker fuels the centre is involved in and outlook for decarbonisation and green marine fuels in Singapore’s bunkering industry.

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APM 2024 Interview: MESD discusses studies on alternative bunker fuels, outlook on maritime decarbonisation

Dr Imran Halimi Bin Ibrahim, Programme Director, Maritime Energy and Sustainable Development Centre (MESD) of Excellence Nanyang Technological University (NTU), recently spoke to Singapore-based bunkering publication Manifold Times, ahead of the Asia Pacific Maritime (APM) 2024 to be held on 13 to 15 March. 

He shared on the centre’s role in Singapore’s maritime decarbonisation efforts, updates on studies in alternative bunker fuels the centre is involved in and MESD’s outlook for decarbonisation and green marine fuels in the bunkering industry in Singapore: 

MT:  How is NTU, as an academic institution, and MESD supporting Singapore’s shipping and bunkering sectors meet targets set by IMO2030 and the MPA maritime decarbonisation blueprint?

The Maritime Energy and Sustainable Development (MESD) centre plays a pivotal role in bridging the gap between research and real-world applications. A significant portion of our research findings is made publicly available, facilitating knowledge exchange, innovation and collaboration.

For instance, our research was referenced in the Maritime and Port Authority (MPA) Expressions of Interest, such as the recent call for designing and promoting the adoption of electric harbour craft in Singapore. This is an example of a direct contribution that we have made to the nation’s decarbonisation efforts.

MT: Dr Liu Ming, Research Lead and Project PI, MESD, previously spoke on a joint study to research the potential safety, mitigation technology and environmental challenges in ammonia bunkering which is building on from results of a previous study. Are there any updates on that study and would the results be specifically for Singapore’s bunkering industry or for the bunkering industry as a whole?

Dr. Liu’s collaborative research on the potential safety, mitigation technology, and environmental challenges associated with ammonia bunkering is making good progress and there are plans to conclude it by the end of June 2025.

The research, set in the Singapore context, has broader implications and could inform other contexts, given Singapore’s status as a global bunkering hub. We are hopeful that the outcomes could potentially influence and benefit the bunkering industry, contributing to safer and more environmentally friendly bunkering practices beyond Singapore.

MT: Is MESD conducting research related to methanol bunkering? Could you share what the studies are about, the status of it (if it’s completed) and what you hope you could establish from it?

MESD is actively involved in researching methanol as a marine fuel, particularly on its application in bunkering. We have recently completed a comprehensive study in this area, and plans are underway to release a public version of the findings.

Additionally, we have initiated more targeted research on specific elements of methanol bunkering.These efforts underscore our commitment to developing practical and sustainable bunkering solutions that align with the industry’s decarbonisation trajectory.

MT: With MESD receiving funding to further explore maritime decarbonisation, what is the centre’s take on the outlook for decarbonisation and alternative fuels in the bunkering industry in Singapore?

MESD is optimistic about the future of maritime decarbonisation and the use of alternative fuels in Singapore’s bunkering industry. Currently, alternative bunker fuels are at various stages of development and implementation, and we are eager to collaborate with interested stakeholders in exploring viable options.

Our capabilities range from expertise in simulation and modelling, conducting feasibility analysis at the pre-FEED stage to emission analysis and evaluation; we are thus in a good position to contribute meaningfully to the industry’s transition to cleaner energy sources.

MT: Are there any specific alternative marine fuels the centre thinks is more viable than others for the maritime industry and why?

The maritime industry has diverse needs, with different vessels having unique operational needs. Therefore, we anticipate a multi-fuel future. Ammonia is gaining attention but we have to be thorough and careful with its viability as we study potential challenges related to safety and toxicity.

Methanol bunkering, having been successfully conducted in various locations last year, looks promising but more work has to be done to ensure sustainable application.

Biodiesel may be perceived to be more immediately applicable as a drop-in fuel, but its cost, availability, and life cycle impact still require thorough evaluation. Each alternative fuel has its merits and there are trade-offs to be considered; our research seeks to offer clarity on both to support judicious decision-making.

On behalf of the MESD Centre, I will discuss these challenges of safety, sustainable application, and cost of alternative fuels alongside other industry experts at the upcoming Asia Pacific Maritime 2024. I look forward to applying our findings to explore potential pathways for meeting the International Maritime Organisation’s (IMO) stringent targets, emphasising research innovation and environmental sustainability.

Related: Singapore: 120 maritime industry experts to share insights at APM 2024
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Related: Singapore: MPA calls for proposals to design electric harbour craft
Related: Singapore: MPA issues call for proposal to develop electric harbour craft charging points
Related: Singapore: MPA calls for financiers and insurers to support adoption of electric harbour craft
Related: Singapore: MPA maritime decarbonisation blueprint sets target for bunkering sector
Related: Singapore Maritime Institute expands study on ammonia bunkering
Related: NTU MESD receives SGD 12 million to further explore maritime decarbonisation

 

Photo credit: Maritime Energy and Sustainable Development Centre
Published: 7 March 2024

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Alternative Fuels

Yang Ming orders six LNG dual-fuel, ammonia-ready containerships from Hanwha Ocean

Each of the six new vessels will have a capacity of up to 13,650 TEU and feature LNG dual-fuel propulsion and Ammonia Fuel Ready specifications.

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Yang Ming orders six LNG dual-fuel, ammonia-ready containerships from Hanwha Ocean

Taiwanese shipping firm Yang Ming Marine Transport Corporation (Yang Ming) and South Korean shipbuilder Hanwha Ocean on Wednesday (2 September) signed a shipbuilding contract for six 13,000 TEU class LNG dual-fuel container vessels. 

The contract was signed by Dr. Chuck Tsai, Chairman of Yang Ming, and Mr. Charles Kim, CEO of Hanwha Ocean. The vessels are scheduled for delivery between 2028 and 2029. 

They will complement Yang Ming’s existing fleet of 10,000+ TEU vessels and serve as key vessels on East-West services, with deployment flexibility across trade lanes connecting Asia with the East and West Coasts of North America, South America, and the Mediterranean. 

Each of the six new vessels will have a capacity of up to 13,650 TEU and feature LNG dual-fuel propulsion and Ammonia Fuel Ready specifications.

“As Yang Ming transitions toward net-zero emissions, LNG provides a relatively mature and economically viable alternative fuel solution, capable of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by approximately 20%,” the company said. 

“At the same time, ammonia can serve as a carbon-free fuel by utilising converted LNG storage facilities, while offering relatively lower conversion costs and comparatively well-developed supply chains and infrastructure. The Ammonia Fuel Ready design will therefore provide Yang Ming with greater flexibility in responding to increasingly stringent international regulations on greenhouse gas emissions.”

In addition, the vessels will be equipped with Type B LNG fuel tanks with a design pressure of 1.0 bar to enhance the safety and efficiency of LNG operations, together with a range of energy-saving technologies, including Wind Shields, Rudder Bulbs, Pre-Swirl Stators, and Shore Power Systems. Smart ship technologies and cybersecurity protection features will also be incorporated to enhance operational efficiency, safety, and reliability while effectively reducing fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.

Deliveries under Yang Ming’s next-generation fleet optimization plan commenced earlier this year. By 2030, a total of 24 new vessels are expected to enter service. 

This includes 18 LNG dual-fuel vessels—comprising five 15,500 TEU, seven 16,000 TEU, and the six 13,000 TEU vessels under this contract—alongside six 8,000 TEU methanol dual-fuel-ready ships. 

 

Photo credit: Yang Ming Marine Transport
Published: 4 September, 2026

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Alternative Fuels

LR, China’s MARIC unveil tanker concept ready for three future bunker fuels

Both secured AiP for a new 114,000 DWT product and crude oil tanker designed to accommodate future conversion to LNG, methanol or ammonia.

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LR, China’s MARIC unveil tanker concept ready for three future bunker fuels

Lloyd’s Register (LR) and the Marine Design and Research Institute of China (MARIC) on Thursday (3 September) have secured Approval in Principle (AiP) for a new 114,000 DWT product and crude oil tanker designed to accommodate future conversion to LNG, methanol or ammonia.

Announced at SMM 2026, the concept addresses one of the biggest investment challenges facing shipping today: the need to develop vessels and capabilities that can support a range of alternative fuel options and pathways as technologies, infrastructure and regulations evolve.

While LNG is already a mature fuel pathway, methanol and ammonia remain at an earlier stage of development, with questions around global fuel availability, infrastructure development, economics and long-term adoption.

The 114,000 DWT tanker concept has been designed as a product and crude oil carrier that can accommodate future conversion to LNG, methanol or ammonia as technologies, regulations and fuel supply chains mature. By incorporating conversion readiness at the design stage, the concept aims to reduce future retrofit complexity and provide owners with greater confidence when planning long-term fleet investments.

The design concept was reviewed against LR’s July 2026 class rules and regulations, including requirements relating to ships using gases and other low-flashpoint fuels, alongside relevant IACS Common Structural Rules for oil tankers. Final classification and statutory approval remain subject to full compliance with all applicable rules and regulations.

Theo Kourmpelis, Global Business Director for Tankers, Lloyd’s Register, said: “Shipowners are being asked to make major investment decisions today despite continued uncertainty around which fuels will dominate in the decades ahead. Alternative fuel solutions each offer potential pathways to compliance, but fuel infrastructure, regulation and economics continue to evolve at different speeds around the world.

“Designs that preserve flexibility will be critical in helping owners manage risk while preparing for multiple future scenarios.”

Si Nan, Marine & Offshore Marketing Department Vice Director, MARIC, said: “As the industry explores different decarbonisation pathways, shipowners need vessel designs that can adapt alongside technological and regulatory developments. This concept was developed specifically to provide greater fuel flexibility and long-term resilience, allowing owners to respond to changing market requirements without being locked into a single fuel strategy.

“Receiving Approval in Principle from Lloyd’s Register is an important milestone that validates the design concept and supports its future development.”

 

Photo credit: Lloyd’s Register
Published: 4 September, 2026

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Alternative Fuels

DNV: Alternative-fuelled vessel orders hit highest monthly level since October 2024

LNG-fuelled vessels accounted for the vast majority of August activity while the strong summer performance marked a significant acceleration in ordering activity after a relatively slow start to the year.

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DNV: Alternative-fuelled vessel orders hit highest monthly level since October 2024

Latest data from classification society DNV’s Alternative Fuels Insight (AFI) platform alternative-fuelled vessel ordering was strong in August, with 52 new vessels added to the platform.

This is the highest monthly total since October 2024 and follows another active month in July, when 47 vessels were added to the database.

LNG-fuelled vessels accounted for the vast majority of August activity, with 46 orders recorded. The container segment led the way with 30 orders, while the car carrier segment contributed a further 12 LNG-fuelled vessels. In addition, four ethanol-fuelled bulk carriers and two hydrogen-powered bulk carriers were added during the month, as well as one LNG bunker vessel.

The strong summer performance marked a significant acceleration in ordering activity after a relatively slow start to the year. In total, 242 alternative-fuelled vessel orders have been placed in the first eight months of 2026, representing a 27% increase compared with the same period in 2025.

LNG remains the dominant fuel choice, accounting for 63% of all alternative-fuelled vessel orders registered so far this year. Container vessels represent the largest share of these LNG orders (59%), followed by car carriers (30%).

Jason Stefanatos, Global Decarbonization Director at DNV Maritime, said: “The past two months have been particularly strong for alternative-fuelled vessel ordering, with August recording the highest monthly total we’ve seen since October 2024. This has helped lift year-to-date orders to a level well above the same period last year.

“LNG remains the leading fuel choice, driven largely by activity in the container and car carrier segments. These sectors have been among the earliest adopters of alternative fuels, supported by predictable liner operations and increasing demand from cargo owners to reduce emissions across supply chains. 

“For many owners, LNG offers a combination of emissions reductions, fuel availability and future flexibility while the longer-term fuel landscape continues to evolve. 

“At the same time, the latest figures include orders for ethanol- and hydrogen-fuelled vessels, highlighting that owners continue to explore a range of decarbonization pathways. Different segments are making different fuel choices, but the overall level of activity demonstrates continued investment in lower-emission shipping.”

Screenshot 2026 09 04 at 12.29.26 PM Screenshot 2026 09 04 at 12.29.36 PM

 

Photo credit: DNV
Published: 4 September, 2026

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