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ENGINE: Biofuel bunkers are making waves

ENGINE team launched a project to map out all the physical bunker suppliers that offer biofuels in ports and investigated what was available in different regions.

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RESIZED Shaah Shahidh on Unsplash

As a growing part of the shipping industry is exploring ways to trim its carbon footprint, the ENGINE team reports that biofuels are making waves and finding their way to bunker ports around the world.

We often get asked variants of the question: "Where can we bunker biofuels?"

For every region and port that was enquired about, we had to investigate what was available. As the information accumulated in leaps and bounds, we decided to launch a project to map out all the physical bunker suppliers that offer biofuels in more and more ports.

It’s a moving target, and this is some of what we have uncovered so far.

East of Suez

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Biofuels are starting to become more common in Singapore, but so far they have only made up a fraction of the port’s total bunker sales. B24 (24% biofuel) is the standard blend ratio as sea-going bunker barges are restricted to carrying 25% biofuel and as suppliers seek to err on the safe side of that requirement. Prices are often quotes as a premium over very low sulphur fuel oil (VLSFO) and the typical biofuel grade is fatty acid methyl ester (FAME), which is also called biodiesel.

A couple of Chinese bunker suppliers have started offering biofuel blends for delivery in Zhoushan and Guangzhou, and another two have brought them to Hong Kong. As biofuel blends don’t qualify as bonded bunkers in mainland China, in which value added tax (VAT) is waived for VLSFO, it makes less sense for Chinese refiners and blenders to blend them with VAT-exempt VLSFO. The suppliers therefore import finished B24-VLSFO blends from Singapore and other places before they are sold in Chinese ports.

B35-MGO blends are available in Indonesian ports because of a national 35% minimum biofuel blending mandate. But these derive from palm oil and are not sustainable. Palm oil’s close connection to deforestation means they won’t qualify under the International Sustainability and Carbon Certification (ISCC) programme or as renewable fuels towards upcoming European Union (EU) regulations.

In the Middle East there is one major producer and wholesaler of waste-based biofuels. The UAE-based producer has struck supply deals with two physical bunker suppliers in the country, where it collects used cooking oil (UCO) from McDonalds restaurants and other sources. One of the suppliers has so-called ISCC-certification, which requires the biofuel to meet certain sustainability criteria throughout its lifecycle. From a small base, the producer says that bunker demand has doubled in each of the past three years, and that demand is expected to grow exponentially in the years to come.

Europe & Africa

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Rotterdam dominates the global biofuel bunkering scene. Around 6% of all of the bunkers sold in the first half of this year was blended with biofuels, and that was down from an even stronger 8% last year. More biofuel trials and regular refuelling of ships have taken place in Rotterdam than in any other port and a greater number of suppliers offer biofuels there.

Local biofuel processing capacity, imports from China and competition between bunker suppliers in a burgeoning biofuel bunker market provide economies of scale in Rotterdam and contribute to keep prices in check.

But perhaps the biggest reason behind its growth is simple. Rotterdam is Dutch, and the Netherlands has generous market mechanisms in place for biofuels sold for bunkering, particularly for advanced waste-based biofuels. In fact, the price incentives have worked too well and pulled biofuel feedstock away from the road fuels market. The road fuels market faces tougher blending mandates, and more biofuels are needed to meet them, the government told ENGINE.

To rebalance the biofuel scales between road and marine, the Dutch government has launched a consultation with a proposal that could effectively halve the biofuel rebate multiplier. This could see Rotterdam’s discount of more than $200/mt to Singapore be slashed to about half that.

Mediterranean bunker suppliers are also starting to catch the biofuel wave. A few suppliers across Gibraltar, Spain, Malta and Italy now offer blends. Some typically need a week or two of lead time to source, blend and deliver the fuel to ships. One supplier has struck a deal with a ferry company that has tested biofuels blended in small ratios on a ferry with the upcoming FuelEU Maritime regulation in mind.

A lack of biofuel demand in South Africa and Mozambique has meant that suppliers have so far held back on bringing it to market. Some are saying they hope to pursue biofuel in the future.

Americas

US biofuel bunkering is struggling to gain traction in the absence of government subsidies. While harbour crafts and road vehicles enjoy subsidies, ocean-going vessels do not. This has meant that comparable B30 biofuel blends have been prohibitively expensive in Houston compared to Rotterdam for example.

Unlike Rotterdam and the rest of the EU’s upcoming CO2 and greenhouse gas (GHG) regulations, there are also no nationwide US environmental regulations to incentivise uptake of biofuel blends by ships. Customer demand will therefore likely come from ship types close to the end consumer, like ferries, cruise ships and container ships.

Some bunker suppliers have already announced readiness or intent to offer. These include California, where local environmental regulations have boosted uptake of 99% renewable diesel (R99), which differs from FAME in that it is not chemically esters. Canada’s Vancouver, the US Gulf Coast, Colombia’s Cartagena and Brazil make up some of the other places with biofuels on offer.

The Panama Canal is likely the biggest bunker area in the Americas, but a joint venture of companies that was previously buoyant about the prospect of building at least one biorefinery and importing biofuels for bunkering and other transport fuel markets has more recently cast doubts about its feasibility. "The issue is feedstock and competing with current subsidies in the US and EU markets that hog and distort [the] price of feedstock," one of the companies told ENGINE.

Meanwhile, a recent entrant to the US Gulf Coast’s biofuel bunker market has been championing a mass balancing approach. Its pricing is based on the feedstock type, but thanks to mass balance accounting the feedstock purchased does not necessarily need to be the feedstock in the fuel consumed by that buyer’s ship. Blends based on UCO, soybean oil and tallow are current options, and more waste-based biofuel alternatives is expected to follow in the future.

To help shipowners get more clarity around what’s available where, ENGINE will come out with more detailed overviews of biofuel bunker supply by region and port later this year.

By the ENGINE team: Shilpa Sharma, Nithin Chandran, Queeneerich Kharmawlong, Konica Bhatt, Debarati Bhattacharjee, Aparupa Mazumder, Tuhin Roy and Erik Hoffmann

Source: ENGINE
Photo credit: ENGINE / Shaah Shahidh on Unsplash
Published: 16 October, 2023

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Alternative Fuels

Interview: Bunker trading firm ElbOil looks to China market for continued growth

With many achievements under its belt since 2011, ElbOil Group goes into details on its entry into the China market, its business expansion there and outlines plans heading towards alternative bunker fuels.

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Interview: Bunker trading firm ElbOil looks to China market for continued growth

Singapore-based bunkering publication Manifold Times recently interviewed Harro Booth, Managing Director of bunker trading firm ElbOil Group, on its entry and business expansion into the China market. Booth also outlined the company’s adoption plans to include alternative bunker fuels within its portfolio:

MT: Established since 2011, how has the ElbOil Group grown to date and what were the milestones accomplished during this period?

ElbOil was founded in 2011 with a primary focus on bunker fuel trading, catering to the shipping and marine industry. In the beginning, the company concentrated on building relationships with key suppliers and establishing a foothold in major trading hubs like Singapore, Rotterdam, and Fujairah.

Fast forward to 2019 and 2020, the company has transitioned its portfolio to compliant fuels, including very low sulphur fuel oil (VLSFO) and alternative marine fuels like LNG. ElbOil holds the license of a certified Biofuel Trading Entity since 2020 with Red Cert.

In 2020, to strengthen its position, ElbOil expanded by opening an additional trading office in Singapore and this allowed for better local market coverage, and faster response times to clients demands.

Over the years, ElbOil’s growth trajectory has been marked by a series of strategic milestones, from geographical expansion to digital transformation and regulatory adaptation.

Today, it stands as a global player in bunker fuel trading, with a strong focus on sustainability and innovation.

MT: Which year did ElbOil enter the China market and what were the push/pull reasons for this development?

After ElbOil set up Singapore office in 2020, we understand the rapid development of the Chinese market and Chinese shipowners are making an increasing share of the global shipping market. We hired two experienced traders to expand into the Chinese market in 2021 to 2022.

Additionally, ElbOil's growth in China complements its global expansion, as seen through its strengthened leadership team, especially with the addition of seasoned professionals to its management. These steps have helped the company build a strong foundation within China's maritime sector.

MT: Since initiation of the China business to date, what milestones have the company accomplished within this market?

Over the past two to three years, we have been providing our services to over 100 Chinese owners, operators, achieving over 800,000 mt of supplied volume at global ports for our Chinese customers.

In 2020, we started our Chinese ports supply through our partner in China who has over 20 years of trading experience. We have established credit lines totalling over USD 20 million credit lines with most Chinese suppliers. These milestones indicate ElbOil’s growing presence and strategic importance in the Chinese maritime industry.

MT: What value propositions does ElbOil offer for the Chinese shipping sector?

Based on the priority of our customers' interests and our knowledge of ports around the world, we provide customers with the most optimal bunkering solutions.

We take advantage of our global presence to provide accurate port information to our customers in ports and regions that are unfamiliar through our global expertise and local adaption.

As a member of the European Union, we provide our Chinese customers with the latest updates on the new EU regulations. We assist customers in arranging what they need.

MT: What plans does ElbOil have for the Chinese market and how will the firm achieve them?

We hope that with our professional service and spirit, we can win the trust of more Chinese customers. The Chinese market is a market that we should strive for more vigorously, and we also hope that with our assistance, Chinese shipowners and shipping operators can reduce unnecessary risks.

ElbOil has a long history of green energy, and we believe that we will provide customers with more professional guidance and services for the green energy transformation of the shipping market in the future.

We will have our Shanghai Rep office set up in early 2025, and we will have our local team to maintain more effective communication with our customers.

MT: Can you describe a marine fuels industry related challenge you were proud the ElbOil team overcame, and how was this challenge resolved?

The war in Ukraine, which began in early 2022, created a profound disruption in global energy markets, including the marine fuels (bunker) sector. The conflict led to sanctions on Russian oil exports, major supply chain disruptions, and dramatic price volatility in crude oil and refined products like fuel oil, which are essential for the shipping industry.

By taking swift, decisive action, the ElbOil team successfully navigated the challenges posed by the Ukraine war. ElbOil's ability to diversify its supply chain, implement robust price risk management strategies, and ensure full compliance with sanctions by investing a high six-digit number allowed the company to maintain business continuity for its clients.

Despite the chaos and uncertainty in the global energy markets, ElbOil's proactive approach helped secure stable fuel supplies, provided financial security through hedging, and strengthened customer trust through transparent communication and compliance. As a result, ElbOil emerged from the crisis more resilient and with stronger customer relationships than before.

MT: Moving forward, what is ElbOil doing to remain relevant within the marine fuels market heading into IMO 2030/2050?

As the marine fuels industry heads towards stricter environmental regulations, such as IMO 2030 and IMO 2050, ElbOil is proactively positioning itself to remain relevant by embracing innovation, sustainability, and digital transformation. Here’s a detailed outline of what ElbOil is doing to prepare for and thrive in the evolving market:

To align with the IMO 2030 target of reducing CO2 emissions per transport work by 40%, and the IMO 2050 goal of cutting total greenhouse gas emissions by 50%, ElbOil is actively diversifying its fuel portfolio to include cleaner and alternative fuels even with the possibility of direct supplies and production.

This shift is essential as shipping companies seek to comply with increasingly stringent regulations.

  • Biofuels and Renewable Energy: ElbOil is forming partnerships with biofuel producers to supply second-generation biofuels, which offer a significant reduction in carbon emissions. These biofuels are derived from sustainable sources like used cooking oil and waste materials, helping clients reduce their carbon footprint.
  • LNG and Ammonia: As Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) becomes a popular transitional fuel, ElbOil is ready to supply LNG and or ammonia to their clients due to some co- operations with suppliers.
  • Carbon-Neutral Solutions: ElbOil is offering carbon offset programs, allowing customers to purchase carbon credits to offset the emissions from traditional fuel consumption, ensuring their operations are carbon-neutral.
  • Carbon Capture: ElbOil is already invested in startups and investing in carbon capture and therefore contributes to our responsibility to a cleaner and green future.

Digitalisation is critical for efficiency, transparency, and regulatory compliance in the future marine fuels market. ElbOil is leveraging cutting-edge technologies to streamline its operations and offer more value to customers.

Collaboration is key to driving the maritime industry’s transition to a cleaner future. ElbOil is forging sustainability-driven partnerships with stakeholders across the shipping, refining, and fuel technology industries.

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards are becoming increasingly important for companies operating in the marine fuels sector. ElbOil is positioning itself as a leader in ESG compliance, aligning its operations with global sustainability standards as having invested and being a board member of ESG NRG A/S, a Norwegian startup offering a full stop solution of compliance and reporting in EU -ETS and EU Fuel Maritime solutions.

As the industry moves toward IMO 2050, which aims for a 50% reduction in total greenhouse gas emissions from shipping, ElbOil is taking a long-term view of the transition to zero- carbon fuels.

  • Research and Innovation in Zero-Emission Fuels: ElbOil is investing in research to better understand and commercialise future fuels such as biofuels, hydrogen, green methanol, and synthetic fuels. These fuels are critical for achieving the deep decarbonisation needed for IMO 2050.

ElbOil is committed to future-proofing its operations and maintaining relevance in the marine fuels market as it transitions toward a low-carbon future. Through investments in alternative fuels, digital innovation, sustainable partnerships, and compliance with evolving regulations, ElbOil is positioning itself as a leader in helping the maritime industry meet the IMO 2030 and IMO 2050 goals.

This forward-thinking strategy not only supports the decarbonisation of shipping but also ensures that ElbOil remains a trusted and reliable partner for shipowners and operators seeking sustainable and cost-effective marine fuel solutions.

 

Photo credit: Manifold Times
Published: 9 October 2024

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Biofuel

KPI OceanConnect facilitates Wan Hai Lines on its first biofuel delivery in Singapore

Wan Hai Lines’ container vessel “WAN HAI 510” was successfully refuelled with B24 bio bunker fuel on 7 October in Singapore, with SK Energy International as the physical supplier of the fuel.

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KPI OceanConnect facilitates Wan Hai Lines on its first biofuel delivery in Singapore

Global provider of marine energy solutions KPI OceanConnect on Monday (7 October) announced the successful delivery of B24 biofuel to Wan Hai Lines’ container vessel, WAN HAI 510, on the same day in Singapore, with SK Energy International as the physical supplier of the fuel. 

Building on the long-standing partnership with KPI OceanConnect, the deal marks the first biofuel delivery of Wan Hai Lines. 

The ISCC certified biofuel will support Wan Hai Lines to meet its sustainable development goals by providing GHG emissions reductions of up to 20%, when compared to conventional fuel oil. The delivery is a first step for WAN HAI Lines in realising a tailored alternative fuels strategy, developed in partnership with KPI OceanConnect. 

Jesper Sørensen, Head of Alternative Fuels and Carbon Markets at KPI OceanConnect, said: “Wan Hai Lines has been a long-standing partner of KPI OceanConnect, and we are proud to have facilitated its first biofuel delivery. With our robust expertise in biofuel bunkering and global reach, we are able to support clients in progressing their alternative fuel strategy.

“Partnerships will lead the way forward to reaching net zero targets, bringing much needed expertise, knowledge and confidence in decision-making. At KPI OceanConnect, we are committed to playing an active role in aggregating demand and connecting bunker suppliers with buyers to build up the global low-carbon fuel infrastructure and meet growing demand.”

Wan Hai Lines said: “We are very proud to announce our first biofuel supply in collaboration with KPI OceanConnect at the port of Singapore. 

“Adopting biofuels is a key strategy in our efforts to accelerate the transition towards decarbonisation and achieve our company's emission reduction goals. We extend our gratitude to KPI OceanConnect for their professionalism in fulfilling our needs.  Wan Hai Lines remains committed to collaborating with our partners and stakeholders to drive continuous progress in our sustainability journey.”

KPI OceanConnect has enabled biofuel deliveries in more than 100 ports worldwide, working in collaboration with customers and bunker suppliers to aggregate demand and supply biofuel that meets specific standards. 

It added that demand for biofuel bunkering is expected to more than double in 2025 due to the emissions reduction pathways biofuels offer, enabling compliance with tightening environmental regulations in the short-term. 

 

Photo credit: Wan Hai Lines
Published: 8 October, 2024

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Biofuel

Glander and Cepsa partner on Mediterranean bio bunker fuel supply for cruises

Glander International Bunkering and Cepsa are now jointly facilitating the supply of second-generation HVO to cruise line vessels in the Mediterranean.

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Glander and Cepsa partner on Mediterranean bio bunker fuel supply for cruises

Bunker Holding on Monday (7 October) said its subsidiary Glander International Bunkering and Cepsa are now jointly facilitating the supply of second-generation HVO to cruise line vessels in the Mediterranean.

Cepsa has completed four deliveries of HVO via Glander International Bunkering to a cruise ship at the Port of Barcelona since late June of this year. 

The second-generation biofuel is made from ISCC EU certified raw materials and can reduce CO2 emissions by up to 90% compared to conventional fuels throughout their life cycle.

Samir Fernández, Director of Marine Fuel Solutions at Cepsa, said: "We are thrilled to partner with Glander International Bunkering in its decarbonisation journey with these second-generation biofuels for the cruise industry.”

“By supplying the wider cruise industry with HVO or biodiesel, we are supporting industry efforts towards more sustainable cruising and reinforcing the Port of Barcelona's role as a leading hub in the energy transition.”

The combination of Cepsa’s capacity to supply biofuel to the cruise industry on a regular basis at the Spanish ports where it operates and Glander International Bunkering’s vast network of strategic marine customers looking for lower carbon fuel solutions provides a great example of how partnerships like this can enable and facilitate the decarbonisation of the shipping industry.

Valerie Ahrens, Senior Director of News Fuels and Carbon Markets at Bunker Holding, said: “Our partnership with Cepsa is a result of our diligent work to form alliances with strong suppliers of low-carbon fuels.”

“As of late, we have been putting concerted effort into developing strategic partnerships with a view to facilitating the decarbonisation of the shipping industry. We are especially seeing an increase in the interest in biofuels and, with around 30 of our offices now being ISCC-certified, we have expanded our biofuels sales and the availability of biofuels to over 120 ports worldwide.”

The demand for lower carbon fuels is on the rise for the shipping industry in general, brought on by IMO CII requirements, the inclusion of shipping in the EU ETS, and FuelEU Maritime entering into force in 2025. In addition, the Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA) is turning its attention to ensure that the sector has sufficient access to low carbon fuels in pursuing net zero carbon cruising by 2050.

 

Photo credit: Bunker Holding
Published: 8 October, 2024

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