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Biofuel

Bureau Veritas on biofuels: The transitional bunker fuel of today? 

BV published an article stating that biofuels are a promising turnkey transitional fuel but outlined practical and technical issues that shipping companies should consider.

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Classification society Bureau Veritas on Thursday (28 September) published an article stating that biofuels is a promising turnkey transitional bunker fuel but outlined practical and technical issues that shipping companies should consider: 

The race is on to transition to low-carbon alternative fuels and biofuels are gaining momentum. But what are they? Biofuels are gaseous or liquid fuels produced from biomass – organic matter of biological and non-fossil origin. Easily adaptable to existing vessels, biofuels are a promising turnkey transitional fuel. Let’s dive deeper to examine this promise.

ARE LOW-CARBON BIOFUELS CURRENTLY AVAILABLE?

Biofuels can be broadly categorized into three generations, some of which are ready for use in shipping, and others still maturing:

  • First generation, or conventional biofuels, are generated using agricultural crops, vegetable oil or food waste. These are the most commonly used biofuels worldwide.
  • Second generation, or advanced biofuels, are produced from- non-food biomass feedstocks like residual feedstocks from forestry or crops. They could have fewer negative environmental impacts relating to land use and food production.
  • Third generation biofuels are a future generation of biofuels currently needing further development, produced from algae and microbes.

Currently, first-generation biofuels are the most widely available. However, their scalability is constrained by the origin of their feedstock, which is food-purposed crops and thus entails direct and indirect land-use changes.

Second-generation biofuels, produced from non-food feedstocks such as forest biomass and agricultural crops, are free of some constraints associated with first-generation biofuels. Their role in decarbonizing shipping will likely be crucial. However, it will require a sharp uptake in supply, which inherently requires significant investments.

DO BIOFUEL PRODUCTION PATHWAYS MATTER?

Yes, they absolutely do! The way a biofuel is produced and the feedstock used are key when analyzing a biofuel’s lifecycle GHG emissions. They therefore have an impact on determining whether they can be considered as low-carbon fuel. There is currently no globally accepted standard or certification in place to ensure the end-to-end sustainable production of biofuels. First generation biofuels, for example, are carbon neutral on paper. But, this claim becomes far more complex from a well-to-wake perspective and when considering more holistic sustainability criteria.

What other kind of ramifications might biofuel production entail? For one, the land needed for production is already in high demand to expand croplands around the world. This puts first-generation biofuel production and food markets in competition with each other – not an easy battle to win. From an ethical standpoint, most would prioritize meeting global food demand over fueling ships.

WHAT SHIPPING COMPANIES NEED TO KNOW

When it comes to biofuel use there are two broad categories of considerations for shipping companies: the practical and the technical.

ON THE PRACTICAL SIDE…

Thus far, as with many fuels, it is difficult to predict the exact future prices of biofuels. Blending biofuels with fossil fuels can reduce the overall energy content which means more fuel is needed to maintain performance. Besides, maintenance may have to be adapted in cooperation with OEMs depending on which biofuels and blends are used. The latter can lead to additional OPEX costs that shipping companies will need to shoulder.

Another crucial factor is availability. At current production rates biofuels are unlikely to be able to meet a large proportion of global maritime demand. Competition with other sectors, such as land-based transportation, may compound concerns surrounding availability. This factor is not, however, specific to biofuels – availability remains a challenge for several other potential marine fuels.

The practical disadvantage of biofuels is a question of supply – particularly for the more ecological second- and third-generations. Theoretically, these later second generation biofuels could become a flexible and sustainable refueling option. Their required feedstocks are available worldwide, and port infrastructure should not require significant adaptations to accommodate them. Practically, however, they need to be produced at much greater scale.

AND THE TECHNICAL SIDE

One of the major advantages of biofuels is the maturity of compatible engines. Vessels typically require no modification to use biofuels, making them a “drop in” replacement for conventional marine fuels. This sets biofuels apart from the majority of alternative fuels – including hydrogen, ammonia and LNG – which require specific engines or fuel storage and supply systems.

Characteristically speaking, biofuels are similar to standard fuel oil. This means minimal investment would be needed to meet evolving regulations and ensure crew safety onboard.

WHAT REGULATIONS ARE IN PLACE FOR BIOFUELS?

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is now developing guidelines for the life cycle GHG analysis of marine fuels, which is expected to be the cornerstone when considering the emissions reduction potential of marine biofuels.

Specific biofuel regulations may still be in the early stages, but ship operators are adapting their fleets now to comply with IMO emissions regulations. Biofuels may be part of the solution to reducing emissions and meeting compliance requirements. With a sustainable production pathway, biofuels promise significant carbon emissions reductions compared to standard fossil fuels.

Biofuels also appear to be in line with NOx (nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide) emission limits. The challenge, however, comes in proving compliance. This may require onboard emission testing or engine and fuel-specific NOx emissions validation testing. However, the IMO regulations now consider blends of 30% biofuel or less in the same way as traditional oil-based bunkers.

BIOFUEL READY

To help the industry prepare for the use of biofuels or biofuel blends, Bureau Veritas created its BIOFUEL READY notation. It provides a set of requirements and comprehensive guidelines for the necessary documentation and testing. Suitable for new and existing ships, BIOFUEL READY is one example of how we leverage our transversal expertise to support the maritime industry’s decarbonization journey and safely progress innovative solutions. This includes assessing NOx emissions, which remain at the forefront of current regulatory compliance.

Photo credit: Bureau Veritas
Published: 29 September, 2023

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Alternative Fuels

Interview: Bunker trading firm ElbOil looks to China market for continued growth

With many achievements under its belt since 2011, ElbOil Group goes into details on its entry into the China market, its business expansion there and outlines plans heading towards alternative bunker fuels.

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Interview: Bunker trading firm ElbOil looks to China market for continued growth

Singapore-based bunkering publication Manifold Times recently interviewed Harro Booth, Managing Director of bunker trading firm ElbOil Group, on its entry and business expansion into the China market. Booth also outlined the company’s adoption plans to include alternative bunker fuels within its portfolio:

MT: Established since 2011, how has the ElbOil Group grown to date and what were the milestones accomplished during this period?

ElbOil was founded in 2011 with a primary focus on bunker fuel trading, catering to the shipping and marine industry. In the beginning, the company concentrated on building relationships with key suppliers and establishing a foothold in major trading hubs like Singapore, Rotterdam, and Fujairah.

Fast forward to 2019 and 2020, the company has transitioned its portfolio to compliant fuels, including very low sulphur fuel oil (VLSFO) and alternative marine fuels like LNG. ElbOil holds the license of a certified Biofuel Trading Entity since 2020 with Red Cert.

In 2020, to strengthen its position, ElbOil expanded by opening an additional trading office in Singapore and this allowed for better local market coverage, and faster response times to clients demands.

Over the years, ElbOil’s growth trajectory has been marked by a series of strategic milestones, from geographical expansion to digital transformation and regulatory adaptation.

Today, it stands as a global player in bunker fuel trading, with a strong focus on sustainability and innovation.

MT: Which year did ElbOil enter the China market and what were the push/pull reasons for this development?

After ElbOil set up Singapore office in 2020, we understand the rapid development of the Chinese market and Chinese shipowners are making an increasing share of the global shipping market. We hired two experienced traders to expand into the Chinese market in 2021 to 2022.

Additionally, ElbOil's growth in China complements its global expansion, as seen through its strengthened leadership team, especially with the addition of seasoned professionals to its management. These steps have helped the company build a strong foundation within China's maritime sector.

MT: Since initiation of the China business to date, what milestones have the company accomplished within this market?

Over the past two to three years, we have been providing our services to over 100 Chinese owners, operators, achieving over 800,000 mt of supplied volume at global ports for our Chinese customers.

In 2020, we started our Chinese ports supply through our partner in China who has over 20 years of trading experience. We have established credit lines totalling over USD 20 million credit lines with most Chinese suppliers. These milestones indicate ElbOil’s growing presence and strategic importance in the Chinese maritime industry.

MT: What value propositions does ElbOil offer for the Chinese shipping sector?

Based on the priority of our customers' interests and our knowledge of ports around the world, we provide customers with the most optimal bunkering solutions.

We take advantage of our global presence to provide accurate port information to our customers in ports and regions that are unfamiliar through our global expertise and local adaption.

As a member of the European Union, we provide our Chinese customers with the latest updates on the new EU regulations. We assist customers in arranging what they need.

MT: What plans does ElbOil have for the Chinese market and how will the firm achieve them?

We hope that with our professional service and spirit, we can win the trust of more Chinese customers. The Chinese market is a market that we should strive for more vigorously, and we also hope that with our assistance, Chinese shipowners and shipping operators can reduce unnecessary risks.

ElbOil has a long history of green energy, and we believe that we will provide customers with more professional guidance and services for the green energy transformation of the shipping market in the future.

We will have our Shanghai Rep office set up in early 2025, and we will have our local team to maintain more effective communication with our customers.

MT: Can you describe a marine fuels industry related challenge you were proud the ElbOil team overcame, and how was this challenge resolved?

The war in Ukraine, which began in early 2022, created a profound disruption in global energy markets, including the marine fuels (bunker) sector. The conflict led to sanctions on Russian oil exports, major supply chain disruptions, and dramatic price volatility in crude oil and refined products like fuel oil, which are essential for the shipping industry.

By taking swift, decisive action, the ElbOil team successfully navigated the challenges posed by the Ukraine war. ElbOil's ability to diversify its supply chain, implement robust price risk management strategies, and ensure full compliance with sanctions by investing a high six-digit number allowed the company to maintain business continuity for its clients.

Despite the chaos and uncertainty in the global energy markets, ElbOil's proactive approach helped secure stable fuel supplies, provided financial security through hedging, and strengthened customer trust through transparent communication and compliance. As a result, ElbOil emerged from the crisis more resilient and with stronger customer relationships than before.

MT: Moving forward, what is ElbOil doing to remain relevant within the marine fuels market heading into IMO 2030/2050?

As the marine fuels industry heads towards stricter environmental regulations, such as IMO 2030 and IMO 2050, ElbOil is proactively positioning itself to remain relevant by embracing innovation, sustainability, and digital transformation. Here’s a detailed outline of what ElbOil is doing to prepare for and thrive in the evolving market:

To align with the IMO 2030 target of reducing CO2 emissions per transport work by 40%, and the IMO 2050 goal of cutting total greenhouse gas emissions by 50%, ElbOil is actively diversifying its fuel portfolio to include cleaner and alternative fuels even with the possibility of direct supplies and production.

This shift is essential as shipping companies seek to comply with increasingly stringent regulations.

  • Biofuels and Renewable Energy: ElbOil is forming partnerships with biofuel producers to supply second-generation biofuels, which offer a significant reduction in carbon emissions. These biofuels are derived from sustainable sources like used cooking oil and waste materials, helping clients reduce their carbon footprint.
  • LNG and Ammonia: As Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) becomes a popular transitional fuel, ElbOil is ready to supply LNG and or ammonia to their clients due to some co- operations with suppliers.
  • Carbon-Neutral Solutions: ElbOil is offering carbon offset programs, allowing customers to purchase carbon credits to offset the emissions from traditional fuel consumption, ensuring their operations are carbon-neutral.
  • Carbon Capture: ElbOil is already invested in startups and investing in carbon capture and therefore contributes to our responsibility to a cleaner and green future.

Digitalisation is critical for efficiency, transparency, and regulatory compliance in the future marine fuels market. ElbOil is leveraging cutting-edge technologies to streamline its operations and offer more value to customers.

Collaboration is key to driving the maritime industry’s transition to a cleaner future. ElbOil is forging sustainability-driven partnerships with stakeholders across the shipping, refining, and fuel technology industries.

Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) standards are becoming increasingly important for companies operating in the marine fuels sector. ElbOil is positioning itself as a leader in ESG compliance, aligning its operations with global sustainability standards as having invested and being a board member of ESG NRG A/S, a Norwegian startup offering a full stop solution of compliance and reporting in EU -ETS and EU Fuel Maritime solutions.

As the industry moves toward IMO 2050, which aims for a 50% reduction in total greenhouse gas emissions from shipping, ElbOil is taking a long-term view of the transition to zero- carbon fuels.

  • Research and Innovation in Zero-Emission Fuels: ElbOil is investing in research to better understand and commercialise future fuels such as biofuels, hydrogen, green methanol, and synthetic fuels. These fuels are critical for achieving the deep decarbonisation needed for IMO 2050.

ElbOil is committed to future-proofing its operations and maintaining relevance in the marine fuels market as it transitions toward a low-carbon future. Through investments in alternative fuels, digital innovation, sustainable partnerships, and compliance with evolving regulations, ElbOil is positioning itself as a leader in helping the maritime industry meet the IMO 2030 and IMO 2050 goals.

This forward-thinking strategy not only supports the decarbonisation of shipping but also ensures that ElbOil remains a trusted and reliable partner for shipowners and operators seeking sustainable and cost-effective marine fuel solutions.

 

Photo credit: Manifold Times
Published: 9 October 2024

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Biofuel

KPI OceanConnect facilitates Wan Hai Lines on its first biofuel delivery in Singapore

Wan Hai Lines’ container vessel “WAN HAI 510” was successfully refuelled with B24 bio bunker fuel on 7 October in Singapore, with SK Energy International as the physical supplier of the fuel.

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KPI OceanConnect facilitates Wan Hai Lines on its first biofuel delivery in Singapore

Global provider of marine energy solutions KPI OceanConnect on Monday (7 October) announced the successful delivery of B24 biofuel to Wan Hai Lines’ container vessel, WAN HAI 510, on the same day in Singapore, with SK Energy International as the physical supplier of the fuel. 

Building on the long-standing partnership with KPI OceanConnect, the deal marks the first biofuel delivery of Wan Hai Lines. 

The ISCC certified biofuel will support Wan Hai Lines to meet its sustainable development goals by providing GHG emissions reductions of up to 20%, when compared to conventional fuel oil. The delivery is a first step for WAN HAI Lines in realising a tailored alternative fuels strategy, developed in partnership with KPI OceanConnect. 

Jesper Sørensen, Head of Alternative Fuels and Carbon Markets at KPI OceanConnect, said: “Wan Hai Lines has been a long-standing partner of KPI OceanConnect, and we are proud to have facilitated its first biofuel delivery. With our robust expertise in biofuel bunkering and global reach, we are able to support clients in progressing their alternative fuel strategy.

“Partnerships will lead the way forward to reaching net zero targets, bringing much needed expertise, knowledge and confidence in decision-making. At KPI OceanConnect, we are committed to playing an active role in aggregating demand and connecting bunker suppliers with buyers to build up the global low-carbon fuel infrastructure and meet growing demand.”

Wan Hai Lines said: “We are very proud to announce our first biofuel supply in collaboration with KPI OceanConnect at the port of Singapore. 

“Adopting biofuels is a key strategy in our efforts to accelerate the transition towards decarbonisation and achieve our company's emission reduction goals. We extend our gratitude to KPI OceanConnect for their professionalism in fulfilling our needs.  Wan Hai Lines remains committed to collaborating with our partners and stakeholders to drive continuous progress in our sustainability journey.”

KPI OceanConnect has enabled biofuel deliveries in more than 100 ports worldwide, working in collaboration with customers and bunker suppliers to aggregate demand and supply biofuel that meets specific standards. 

It added that demand for biofuel bunkering is expected to more than double in 2025 due to the emissions reduction pathways biofuels offer, enabling compliance with tightening environmental regulations in the short-term. 

 

Photo credit: Wan Hai Lines
Published: 8 October, 2024

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Biofuel

Glander and Cepsa partner on Mediterranean bio bunker fuel supply for cruises

Glander International Bunkering and Cepsa are now jointly facilitating the supply of second-generation HVO to cruise line vessels in the Mediterranean.

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Glander and Cepsa partner on Mediterranean bio bunker fuel supply for cruises

Bunker Holding on Monday (7 October) said its subsidiary Glander International Bunkering and Cepsa are now jointly facilitating the supply of second-generation HVO to cruise line vessels in the Mediterranean.

Cepsa has completed four deliveries of HVO via Glander International Bunkering to a cruise ship at the Port of Barcelona since late June of this year. 

The second-generation biofuel is made from ISCC EU certified raw materials and can reduce CO2 emissions by up to 90% compared to conventional fuels throughout their life cycle.

Samir Fernández, Director of Marine Fuel Solutions at Cepsa, said: "We are thrilled to partner with Glander International Bunkering in its decarbonisation journey with these second-generation biofuels for the cruise industry.”

“By supplying the wider cruise industry with HVO or biodiesel, we are supporting industry efforts towards more sustainable cruising and reinforcing the Port of Barcelona's role as a leading hub in the energy transition.”

The combination of Cepsa’s capacity to supply biofuel to the cruise industry on a regular basis at the Spanish ports where it operates and Glander International Bunkering’s vast network of strategic marine customers looking for lower carbon fuel solutions provides a great example of how partnerships like this can enable and facilitate the decarbonisation of the shipping industry.

Valerie Ahrens, Senior Director of News Fuels and Carbon Markets at Bunker Holding, said: “Our partnership with Cepsa is a result of our diligent work to form alliances with strong suppliers of low-carbon fuels.”

“As of late, we have been putting concerted effort into developing strategic partnerships with a view to facilitating the decarbonisation of the shipping industry. We are especially seeing an increase in the interest in biofuels and, with around 30 of our offices now being ISCC-certified, we have expanded our biofuels sales and the availability of biofuels to over 120 ports worldwide.”

The demand for lower carbon fuels is on the rise for the shipping industry in general, brought on by IMO CII requirements, the inclusion of shipping in the EU ETS, and FuelEU Maritime entering into force in 2025. In addition, the Cruise Lines International Association (CLIA) is turning its attention to ensure that the sector has sufficient access to low carbon fuels in pursuing net zero carbon cruising by 2050.

 

Photo credit: Bunker Holding
Published: 8 October, 2024

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