Dionysis Diamantopoulos, Head of Alternative Fuels at Baseblue shared with Manifold Times on the need for solutions based on integrated bunkering data and the newfound importance of compliance and inventory management of European Allowances (EUAs) with major upcoming round of regulatory frameworks by IMO and EU:
The past year has marked a significant milestone for the shipping industry. With a major round of regulatory frameworks on the horizon, there is a clear and strong push towards the reduction and ultimate elimination of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, as prioritised by the IMO and EU.
Alongside the 2024 EU ETS directive, Fuel EU Maritime comes into force in 2025, ushering in a new era for our industry. Both regulatory frameworks are designed to be gradually phased in, with EU ETS starting with a 40% effect in 2024, moving to 70% in 2025 and 100% in 2026. Fuel EU Maritime is designed in a way that every five years a stricter GHG intensity index will be required from vessels.
In addition to the above European regulations, there are more frameworks that are already in place, like the Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII), or that will be implemented by the IMO on an international basis after the deliberations and decisions of the upcoming MEPC meetings. One thing is for certain: this new reality will ensure the achievement of the EU and IMO targets for Net Zero emissions by 2050, thereby creating a lasting shift in our industry.
EU ETS requires vessels that are trading intra, and inbound or outbound from the EU to pay their emissions. All emissions that are being reported through the EU MRV for each vessel will be considered for a calendar year and, following verification, the EU authorities will require a payment in European Allowances (EUAs). Shipowners will bear the absolute responsibility for compliance with this regulation and will be required to pay these EUAs to the relevant EU authorities.
To do this, shipowners would have to open Maritime Operator Holding Accounts where they will gather and surrender/pay the EUAs above. Time Charterers, who are considered the polluters in the case of a time charter, will have to transfer these units to the owners or pay for them in cash, depending on the arrangements between the contractual parties. In case of a non-compliance, fines will be imposed in the value of 100 Euros / EUA unpaid plus the EUA amount owed at the time of the fine.
Conversely, Fuel EU Maritime is a more ‘technical’ measure and effective from January 2025. Simply put, this regulatory framework requires each vessel to attain a required GHG intensity index that will be determined on a percentile reduction against the baseline EU has set basis data from conventional fuelled vessels’ GHG indices in 2020.
These reductions in GHG intensity will only be possible with alternative fuels; biofuels, LNG, or sustainable forms of methanol and ammonia. Not complying with this side of the regulation will mean fines much higher than those incurred from non-compliance with the EU ETS.
The two regulatory systems work in tandem – both are aiming to reduce emissions by either directly putting a price on them or penalizing the non-use of alternative fuels. Compliance therefore becomes crucial, both for mitigating costly fines, but also to keep a strong brand and company reputation in the industry.
One certainty is that companies that do not adapt to the new reality of the regional (EU) or international (IMO) regulations will be vulnerable.
Pathways towards compliance can be complex depending on the scale of each organization and the way vessels are being operated and managed. Bunkering behaviour will certainly change as alternative fuels will have to be increasingly incorporated into fleets, and factors like delays, operational issues and availability of product will play a significant role.
In addition, shipping companies will have to create a network of reliable and certified suppliers while securing future availability. Other key factors that will affect compliance status will be data discipline, emissions understanding, and management, which call for solutions based on integrated bunkering data.
Tools such as Baseblue’s Fuelink platform provide valuable support by running scenarios for different vessels on various voyages, helping operators optimise fuel use and emissions reduction strategies. They also offer training to support understanding and compliance, and access to carbon markets with optimal EUA pricing.
In addition, Baseblue’s consultants, with deep knowledge of these regulations, can offer guidance on compliance strategies and global access to alternative fuels, and ISCC-certified sustainable products. This allows shipping companies to minimise their exposure to penalties while maintaining operational efficiency.
Taking proactive measures, planning with digital tools, and collaborating with genuine experts will ensure that ship owners and operators achieve compliance and emissions targets while safeguarding competitive advantage.
Photo credit: Baseblue
Published: 16 October, 2024