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PGT: Why these persistent criticisms of scrubbers are just plain wrong

Pacific Green Technologies Group discusses three main objections towards use of scrubbers by shipowners.

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Scrubber technology firm Pacific Green Technologies (PGT) on Monday (22 July) published an article ’Why these persistent criticisms of scrubbers are just plain wrong’ supporting the use of scrubbers. Manifold Times has obtained permission to publish the article in its entirety:

IMO 2020 has placed enormous pressure on stakeholders throughout the maritime industry. It is understandable, then, that debates around the most effective way to comply with the IMO’s new emissions standards have been animated.

The big question on shipowners’ minds has been: what do we do to effectively and affordably meet the new 0.5% sulphur (sulfur) cap?

There are three options: switch to low sulphur fuel (LSFO), convert the propulsion system to run on liquefied natural gas (LNG), or install an exhaust gas cleaning system (EGCS), also known as a gas scrubber.

Scrubbers, particularly, have been the subject of passionate discussion. This is healthy.

However, the reasoning of the opponents of scrubbers has occasionally been skewed by thinking that is not grounded in science.

They seem to have three main objections: IMO delegates never intended for scrubbers to be adopted in the way that they have been; just one disruptive event could make them environmentally unacceptable; they only make economic sense based on a fuel price spread that may not last.

Let’s consider these each in turn.

IMO delegates never intended for scrubbers to be adopted in the way that they have been

The IMO’s rules on ship pollution were enshrined in the International Convention on the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, or MARPOL 73/78.

Annex VI, which governs the emissions standards and means of compliance was introduced as part of the 1997 Protocol in September 1997.

Scrubbers were not originally included as part of Annex VI. Opponents of gas scrubbers maintain that this suggests that the IMO did not envisage scrubbers being part of any long-term solution. In their opinion, they were permitted by the IMO purely as a financially-accessible alternative that would allow owners to see out the life cycle of current vessels.

The IMO’s actions, however, don’t appear to support this notion. MARPOL Annex VI was officially adopted in 2005. Since then the IMO’s Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) has convened more than 20 times.

Rather than changing its stance on scrubbers, the MEPC has consistently sought to refine it.

Amendments adopted in 2009 and 2015, for example, specifically address exhaust gas cleaning systems.

No mention of time limits or restrictions to retrofits. Of course, there will be representatives at the IMO who oppose scrubbers. Some may even feel “horror”. But that does not equal a groundswell of opposition.

It is dangerous to presume that any individual can speak for the intentions of the MEPC when they first met on this matter more than 20 years ago.

Instead, we should ask how the IMO has engaged with this topic over time. On the basis of that assessment, the support is clearly for scrubbers.

Just one disruptive event could make them environmentally unacceptable

The anti-scrubber brigade also believes that the use of scrubbers with high-sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) is antithetical to the spirit of MARPOL Annex VI, as well as socio-political trends.

They assert that this solution is runs contrary to everything that society is going to want from us and we are potentially being seen as trying to dodge the drift and trend of legislation.

They’re certainly correct in one way: the shipping industry is, and will increasingly be, expected to reduce its use of fuels that produce greenhouse gases and other harmful emissions. That is why it took the step to initiate IMO 2020.

However, the logical conclusion to that environmentally-friendly shift will be a world fleet of vessels powered by alternative energy, not ships running on LSFO.

That is a long way off. Until then, we should be using every means possible to help the shipping industry meet its cleaner air objectives. Yes, it may be easier – and politically fashionable – to suggest that society wants to see lower carbon fuels. But what society really needs is air it can breathe and air that is not toxic.

Scrubbers are critical to that outcome. As we have discussed here before, burning LSFO is far from a magic bullet. It comes with its own environmental hazards which the public are unlikely to find pleasant.

Opponents also point to the hypothetical actions of a “bad shipowner” somewhere in the world over the next 12 months becoming a catalyst for a major policy change against scrubbers. This shipowner would, apparently, be burning HSFO and cleaning exhaust fumes with a scrubber.

It is difficult to see what these “bad shipowner” actions may include. Like the maritime industry itself, IMO 2020 appears to have gone largely unnoticed by the general public. Geopolitically, it is barely a blip on the radar.

The only time that poor operations by shipowners seem to enter the public consciousness is in the instance of environmental disasters such as oil spills. Even in the event of such a tragedy, lighter fuels pose a host of toxic risks that are unique to their fuel type.

Protecting the world’s air and marine ecosystems is a complex problem that spans ecology, sociology, economics, politics and psychology. Solving it will require multiple solutions.

Continued use of HSFO with exhaust gas cleaning systems has repeatedly been confirmed as an important part of the IMO’s policymaking arsenal.

They only make economic sense based on a fuel price spread that may not last

Scrubber opponents’ final argument against scrubbers is an economic one.

They maintain that the value of installing a scrubber relies on a persistently high price spread between LSFO and HSFO, and that a spread of this kind will not last.

Recent analysis points to a significant stretch in the price gap between high-sulphur and low-sulphur fuels next year onwards. This is universally anticipated.

They may be right that the prices of LSFO and HSFO will restabilise in the years after IMO 2020 takes effect.

However, they are mistaken in suggesting that this eliminates the economic value of a scrubber.

Though scrubber installations can be expensive, fuel price differentials of the magnitude expected do not need to last all that long for owners to make their money back. In larger vessels, the payoff period is months, not years.

And, with so much uncertainty persisting about the refining industry’s ability to produce the required amount of compliant fuel in the next 12 months, these price spreads could last longer than anyone expects.

Opponents to scrubbers also point to the higher fuel consumption required to operate scrubbers. This is also true, but the increase in energy use is small.

However, the additional cost is negligible compared to the savings on offer for those who burn low-cost HSFO with a scrubber.

A reduced price spread between HSFO and LSFO is not the same as cost equality. Nobody is predicting that the HSFO and LSFO prices are going to meet, only that the gap between the two is going to close.

HSFO will continue to be cheaper than LSFO in the years to come. Those who use HSFO will continue to save money.

The fact that the marginal benefit may become smaller does not take away from the important fact that the benefit itself will endure.

Source: Pacific Green Technologies
Published: 30 July, 2019

 

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Mass Flowmeter

TFG Marine advances global MFM rollout with two US Gulf bunker barges

“Buffalo B414” and “Buffalo B304”, were recently fitted with the equipment, with both supply barges receiving ISO 22192 certification for their newly installed MFMs last month.

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TFG Marine advances global MFM rollout with two US Gulf bunker barges

Global marine fuel supply and procurement firm TFG Marine on Wednesday (2 September) said it continued to expand mass flow meter (MFM) technology across its US Gulf Coast bunker fleet.

The company said two more vessels, Buffalo B414 and Buffalo B304, were recently fitted with the equipment.

“Both supply barges received ISO 22192 certification for their newly installed MFMs last month, giving customers greater confidence in bunker quantity measurement while supporting a more accurate, transparent and efficient delivery process,” TFG Marine said in a social media post. 

“This marks the latest step in TFG Marine’s ongoing investment in technology and best practice across its global bunkering operations, and forms part of a broader push by our North America team to help drive progress across the region’s bunkering industry.”

Last year, TFG Marine announced it reached a key milestone in its global digitalisation programme with the installation of an ISO 22192-compliant MFM on the Buffalo 404, a barge on time charter from American bunker barge company Buffalo Marine Service Inc.

This was the first ISO-certified MFM-equipped bunkering barge operating in the US Gulf.

The installation was part of TFG Marine’s wider strategy to equip close to 90% of its global bunkering fleet with MFMs by 2026 as a commitment towards improving data integrity, streamlining operations and strengthening trust in marine fuel transactions.

Related: TFG Marine installs first ISO-certified mass flow meter on US Gulf bunkering barge

 

Photo credit: TFG Marine
Published: 4 September, 2026

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FuelEU

Ahti Climate and DNV connect verified emissions data to FuelEU pooling platform

New integration connects Ahti’s FuelEU pooling platform with DNV’s verification services, Veracity, helping customers reduce manual administration and streamline compliance.

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Ahti Climate brings DNV-verified emissions data into FuelEU pooling platform

Ahti Climate on Monday (31 August) announced a new integration with Veracity, DNV’s independent industry cloud platform, enabling shipowners and operators to seamlessly transfer DNV-verified emissions data into Ahti’s FuelEU pooling platform. 

The integration simplifies emissions reporting by connecting operational data verification with FuelEU compliance workflows, helping customers reduce manual administration, improve data quality and confidently meet regulatory requirements.

For customers such as shipping company Bore Ltd, the integration streamlines the flow of emissions data between verification and compliance systems. Raw fuel consumption data is automatically converted into the required OVD format and submitted for DNV verification through Veracity. Once verified, the emissions figures are securely shared with Ahti’s FuelEU pooling platform, creating a more efficient workflow with less manual administration and greater confidence in reported emissions data.

“Being on one of the surplus generators of the pool, trust in the data is everything for us – we need to know the numbers we’re selling hold up to scrutiny. With verified emissions data flowing straight from Veracity by DNV into the Ahti Pooling Platform, we no longer have to manually cross-check figures before every transaction. It gives us confidence that what we’re bringing to the pool is accurate, and that our partners can rely on it too,” said Marcus Strand ICT Manager at Bore Ltd. 

The integration enables customers to:

  • Reduce manual data entry and administrative workload
  • Improve data quality and reduce the risk of reporting errors
  • Securely exchange verified emissions data across systems and stakeholders
  • Increase transparency and confidence in compliance reporting
  • Connect commercial, operational and compliance workflows
  • Reduce turnaround times for reporting and voyage settlements

“Every partnership we build comes back to the same question: does this make compliance easier for shipowners? With Veracity by DNV, the answer is clearly yes – verified data, connected systems, and one less thing for our customers to worry about,” said Risto-Juhani Kariranta, CEO of Ahti Climate. 

With connectivity to the majority of the world fleet, Veracity’s trusted partner ecosystem, combined with Ahti’s expertise in FuelEU pooling, gives shipowners a more connected approach to emissions verification and compliance. By enabling verified data to flow securely between systems, the partnership helps customers reduce complexity and get greater value from their data and access a growing network of digital solutions.

 

Photo credit: Ahti Climate
Published: 1 September, 2026

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Decarbonisation

NAPA: Why operational efficiency remains shipping’s golden ticket

With regulation tightening and alternative fuels still evolving, Pekka Pakkanen says operational efficiency offers shipping an immediate, scalable way to cut fuel use, emissions and costs.

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NAPA: Why operational efficiency remains shipping’s golden ticket

Shipping’s decarbonisation ambitions are clear but turning that ambition into commercially viable emissions reductions at scale remains a challenge.

As regulatory requirements tighten and fuel markets remain volatile, Pekka Pakkanen, Executive Vice President, Shipping Solutions, NAPA, says operational efficiency is emerging as one of the most immediate and scalable levers available to shipowners, with digital tools increasingly helping to maximise the benefits of energy efficiency technologies: 

The shipping industry’s decarbonization drive does not lack ambition – that is visible in the pace of innovation and research we see around us. But translating that ambition into action at scale and in a commercially viable way remains a different challenge altogether. The International Maritime Organization’s MEPC 84, which concluded in April 2026, reminded us of both how far we have come and how much complexity still remains.

Discussions around the Net-Zero Framework continued, with delegates agreeing to seek further consensus on key adjustments later in October 2026, while progress was made across several other fronts. Separately, the adoption of amendments designating the North-East Atlantic as a new Emission Control Area for Sulphur Oxides (Sox), particulate matter and nitrogen oxides (Nox) is a significant achievement. At the same time, the second phase of the review of the Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) and the Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) began, focusing mainly on enhancing the SEEMP.

Progress, though incremental, is still being made in an environment defined by mounting regulatory obligations, volatile fuel markets, and a clean technology landscape still maturing. All these factors create a backdrop of uncertainty. It’s a word used often to describe shipping’s operating environment and still stands the test of time.

Why energy efficiency technologies remain key

Despite knowing this, the argument I want to put forward is a simple one that can help cut through the uncertainty. The single most accessible, most immediate, commercially viable and scalable lever available to shipping today for managing decarbonization is operational efficiency. Not instead of alternative fuels or new vessel technologies, but as the foundation on which everything else must be built.

Fuel price volatility has made efficiency a financial necessity as much as an environmental one. The European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and FuelEU Maritime are already in effect and tightening year on year. Add to this the second phase of the CII and SEEMP review, which MEPC 84 formally commenced, and all signs point to the need for operational performance data, optimization and reporting.

In today’s market, efficiency is both a sustainability metric and a margin protection strategy. Every tonne of fuel saved reduces exposure to volatile fuel prices, emissions costs, and operational uncertainty. The question for shipping executives is, therefore, is how to maximize the impact of efficiency.

The answer increasingly lies in the intelligent combination of digital tools and energy efficiency technologies. One development that has captured significant industry attention is the growing integration of wind-assisted propulsion systems (WAPS) with voyage optimization software. Harnessing the power of the wind is not just about installing sails, wings, or kites – it is also about navigating the inherent challenges that come with wind propulsion, from complex and fast-evolving weather patterns to training crew. Operating wind-assisted propulsion vessels requires both careful pre-planning and adjustments throughout a ship’s journey. Fast-evolving wind speed and direction, as well as waves and currents, must be assessed and constantly re-assessed throughout the voyage to determine the best possible route. Wind-assisted vessels need to catch winds at the right speeds and angles to make the most of their wings, rotors, or sails, which demands continuous route and speed modelling throughout the voyage not just before it. Relying on traditional means and manual methods alone risks leaving a lot of savings on the table. Instead, understanding changes in wind patterns and using this to the vessel’s advantage requires advanced digital tools.

Classification societies have also been responding to the increase in WAPS on the market and have included specific stability rule checks, which digital tools can help comply with. WAPS typically add weight to a vessel’s upper structure, shifting its center of gravity and creating additional stability considerations to be managed. Digital tools, within NAPA Design, can be used to calculate vessel stability characteristics and help users check their design’s performance against multiple classification society rules as well. These are all essential considerations to ensure the solution continues performing optimally.

Whether the technology is wind-assisted propulsion or air lubrication technology, digital technologies can help maximize the savings they deliver. Users can measure performance, adapt operations continuously and make decisions based on reliable data, which can then inform future investments in energy efficiency technologies.

MEPC 84 makes progress on the foundations underpinning global decarbonization 

The expansion of ECAs at MEPC 84 – including the newly designated North-East Atlantic zone – adds another layer of complexity. Research has consistently shown that ECA avoidance through route deviation is rarely the optimal commercial or environmental response; the fuel costs and schedule implications of detours frequently outweigh the cost of sailing through the zone with compliant fuel. Voyage optimization tools model these trade-offs in real time to help make better decisions than human assumptions alone.

MEPC 84 also progressed a review of the SEEMP framework, which remains central to how vessels document and demonstrate their carbon intensity management. The direction of travel is towards increased expectations around the quality, granularity, and integration of performance data. As regulatory frameworks increasingly rely on verifiable performance data, the quality of operational data becomes just as important as the technologies being measured. Poor data quality can undermine both compliance confidence and optimization efforts. Shipowners who have already invested in the digital infrastructure to capture and act on operational data will find themselves significantly better positioned, both for compliance and for commercial advantage.

The case for integrated data systems – platforms that bring together performance analytics, voyage planning, regulatory compliance, and reporting in a coherent interface – is a response to genuine operational needs. When data from signals, noon reports, and logbook entries can be brought together on one platform to produce clear, actionable insights, crews spend less time managing information and more time using it. The same shared source of operational truth also supports better ship to shore collaboration to support real-time route and speed optimization, continuous hull performance monitoring, and integrated compliance management.

None of this diminishes the importance of the longer-term energy transition. Alternative fuels, new energy efficiency technologies, and next-generation vessel design all have a critical role to play in reaching net zero by 2050. But those transitions take time, capital, and regulatory frameworks that are still being finalized. In the interim, and complementing those transitions, operational efficiency represents a proven, scalable, and commercially viable path to meaningful emissions reduction. The industry does not need to wait for its decarbonization ‘golden ticket’ to arrive from future technology. It already holds one. The challenge now is not identifying opportunities for efficiency but capturing them consistently across fleets and voyages.

 

Photo credit: NAPA
Published: 28 August, 2026

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