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Alternative Fuels

ICCT presents research of hydrogen fuel cells and wind-assisted propulsion for bulk carriers

These two technologies could be combined to create zero-emission vessels, and bulk carriers could be particularly well suited due to their structure.

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ICCT bulk carrier

International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) researchers Bryan Comer, PhD, Elise Georgeff, Doug Stolz, PhD (Cross Product Atmospheric LLC), and Xiaoli Mao, Liudmila Osipova, PhD on Thursday (6 January) presented findings of their whitepaper: Decarbonizing bulk carriers with hydrogen fuel cells and wind-assisted propulsion: A modeled case study analysis.

ICCT research has demonstrated both the potential for liquid hydrogen (LH2) fuel cells to replace fossil fuels for container ships on the transpacific corridor and the energy-saving and emissions-reduction potential of rotor sails, it states.

These two technologies could be combined to create zero-emission vessels (ZEVs), and bulk carriers could be particularly well suited because they are more likely to have enough space onboard for the fuel cell and hydrogen fuel storage systems and enough deck space for installing or retrofitting rotor sails.

This paper considers whether LH2 fuel cells or compressed hydrogen (CH2) fuel cells could replace fossil fuels for bulk carriers by investigating three ships of varying sizes: a 57,000 deadweight tonne (dwt) dry bulk carrier transiting the Chinese coast; a 69,000 dwt ore and coal carrier sailing the North American Great Lakes; and a 7,570 dwt cement carrier operating in Europe’s North and Baltic Seas.

The authors used 2019 Automatic Identification System (AIS) ship traffic data and weather data observations to estimate the ships’ total energy use and the energy-saving potential of rotor sails for two routes for each ship.

As shown in the figure below, the two larger ships could complete both of their modeled routes using LH2, even without the help of wind-assisted propulsion. The smallest bulk carrier does not have as much space available for LH2, and that makes it relatively more challenging for this ship. Still, results show additional legs could be achieved for the smallest ship by using rotor sails in combination with LH2, and for the two longest legs, by replacing 2.4% of its cargo space with LH2 in combination with four rotor sails.

Hydrogen and propulsion FigES1

In summary, the paper found rotor sails can reduce the amount of fuel that ships consume and can be retrofitted on existing conventionally fuelled ships to reduce fossil fuel consumption. They can also be installed on new ships, including hybrids and ZEVs, to save on energy costs.

Note: The full whitepaper Decarbonizing bulk carriers with hydrogen fuel cells and wind-assisted propulsion: A modeled case study analysis can be downloaded from the link here.

 

Photo credit and source: International Council on Clean Transportation
Published: 10 January, 2022

 

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Alternative Fuels

Maersk advances ethanol fuel trials with larger-scale Rotterdam bunkering

Its first dual‑fuel vessel, “Laura Maersk”, is operating on 100% ethanol for the second time after being supplied through a larger-scale delivery by barge.

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Shipping giant A.P. Moller – Maersk (Maersk) on Friday (5 June) said a new milestone in its marine fuel trials, with its dual-fuel feeder vessel Laura Maersk successfully operating on 100% ethanol for a second time.

The latest trial marked a significant step forward from earlier tests, as the vessel was supplied through a larger-scale bunkering operation conducted by barge in Rotterdam.

“The bunkering, which took place in Rotterdam, involved larger‑scale delivery by barge, allowing us to test operational handling, supply chains and procedures closer to real‑world conditions than in earlier, smaller‑scale trials,” it said. 

The company said ethanol is one of several pathways being explored as it works to diversify its low‑emission portfolio. 

“With a growing dual‑fuel fleet, we continue to learn and to build flexibility and optionality by testing different solutions,” Maersk added. 

 

Photo credit: A.P. Moller – Maersk
Published: 9 June, 2026

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Alternative Fuels

ENGINE on Fuel Switch Snapshot: FuelEU pooling values fall for B100 and LBM

B100 and LBM pooling values tumble by $100–175/mt; Dutch ZRE A tickets decline €10/mtCO2e; Singapore B100 flips back to discount to LSMGO.

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ENGINE on Fuel Switch Snapshot: FuelEU pooling values fall for B100 and LBM

Once a week, bunker intelligence platform ENGINE will publish a snapshot of alternative and conventional bunker fuel prices in the world’s two biggest bunkering hubs. The following is the latest snapshot:

  • B100 and LBM pooling values tumble by $100–175/mt
  • Dutch ZRE A tickets decline €10/mtCO2e
  • Singapore B100 flips back to discount to LSMGO

ENGINE-assessed FuelEU Maritime pooling values for B100 and liquefied biomethane (LBM) on EU-EU voyages have fallen sharply over the past week.

OceanScore’s FuelEU Pooling Index has declined by €32/mtCO2e ($37/mtCO2e) over the same period.

The drop has reduced B100’s potential pooling value by $107/mt to $531/mt. LBM’s potential pooling value has fallen by an even greater $149–174/mt to $737–864/mt, depending on engine type and methane slip.

Lower pooling values have also weakened the fuels’ overall affordability against some conventional fuels on EU-EU voyages.

B100’s discount to HSFO in Rotterdam has narrowed by $46/mt to just $1/mt, and its discount to VLSFO has narrowed by $45/mt to $104/mt. But its discount to LSMGO has widened slightly by $4/mt to $432/mt, following a sharp increase in LSMGO prices.

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LBM’s discounts to LSMGO have narrowed by $92–122/mt to $667–865/mt, while its discounts to LNG have narrowed by $129/mt to $415–422/mt over the past week.

Meanwhile in Singapore, B100 has flipped to a $79/mt discount to LSMGO for EU-nonEU voyages, after briefly rising to a $44/mt premium over LSMGO the week prior.

Liquid fuels

Rotterdam’s HSFO and VLSFO prices have risen by $9-10/mt over the past week. A $24/mt increase in front-month ICE Brent futures has supported bunker prices, but a $15/mt decline in EU ETS costs has capped further gains.

Rotterdam’s B100 price has climbed by $54/mt during the same period. A €10/mtCO2e drop in Dutch ZRE A ticket prices has added some upward pressure to B100 prices.

Singapore’s VLSFO price has increased by $16/mt, while its LSMGO price has shot up by $101/mt over the past week. In contrast, the port’s B100 price has fallen by $22/mt during the same period.

Liquid gases

Rotterdam’s LNG bunker prices have risen by $22–51/mt over the past week. $16–17/mt increases in estimated EU ETS costs for LNG, combined with $1–26/mt reductions in FuelEU pooling values, have added upward pressure to prices. The impact of lower pooling values has been greatest for vessels fitted with low-methane-slip diesel slow speed engines.

The port’s LBM prices have increased by even steeper $151–180/mt, depending on engine type.

Singapore’s LNG prices have risen by $21–36/mt over the past week.

By Konica Bhatt

 

Photo credit and source: ENGINE
Published: 9 June, 2026

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LNG Bunkering

China: CNOOC achieves over 200,000 m3 of bonded LNG bunkering volume in 2026 so far

CNOOC’s two LNG bunkering vessels have completed 138 LNG bunkering operations since their commissioning, serving 138 international vessels and bunkering over 770,000 m3 of LNG.

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China: CNOOC achieves over 200,000 m3 of bonded LNG bunkering volume in 2026 so far

CNOOC Gas and Power Group on Thursday (4 June) said its bonded LNG bunkering volume has exceeded 200,000 cubic metres (m³) so far this year.

CNOOC’s two LNG bunkering vessels have completed 138 LNG bunkering operations since their commissioning, serving 138 international vessels and bunkering over 770,000 m³ of LNG.

The company has the world’s largest LNG bunkering and transport vessel, Hai Yang Shi You 301, and China’s first LNG transport and bunkering vessel capable of operating in both river and sea all year round, Hai Yang Shi You 302

The firm added that it has achieved milestones in both terminal bunkering and anchorage bunkering modes.

CNOOC Gas and Power Group said bonded LNG bunkering at anchorages offers better compatibility with international shipping schedules and enables on-demand bunkering, offering significant advantages in terms of space allocation, cost control, resource utilisation, and operational efficiency.

On 20 May, the Hai Yang Shi You 301 successfully refuelled two international vessels with LNG at the South Cheung Chau Anchorage in Hong Kong, marking a new stage in Hong Kong’s LNG bunkering operations.

CNOOC said it is continuing to expand its LNG bunkering operations, building an LNG bunkering network in ports including Shenzhen, Ningbo, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Xiamen and other places.

 

Photo credit: CNOOC Gas and Power Group
Published: 8 June, 2026

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