Business

FuelTrust: Early warning is the best protection against contaminated bunkers

Digital early warning system – combining AI and blockchain technologies – could have helped reduce risks in Singapore bunker contamination case, says Jonathan Arneault, CEO of FuelTrust.

Published

3 years ago

September 15, 2022

Admin

In an exclusive article shared with Manifold Times, Jonathan Arneault, CEO of FuelTrust, a startup company using blockchain and AI to trace the provenance of marine fuels, shares on how a digital early warning system can help protect against contaminated bunkers and warn buyers and suppliers of possible risks before the fuel is bunkered.

The Singapore contamination earlier this year affected hundreds of ships, caused millions of dollar in damages and – like the Houston fuel contamination in 2018 – will most likey result in legal actions for year to come.

The cause of this disruption has been attributed to a batch of high sulphur fuel oil, containing unacceptable concentration levels of chlorinated organic compounds. Unfortunately current ISO 8217 testing methods are not enough to have detected the contaminates in either the Singapore or Houston incidents.

Far reaching costs

Beyond the price of the fuel itself, widespread contamination comes at a big cost. Insurance claims for disruption to cargo delivery and damage to machinery alone could easily run to hundreds of millions of dollars. There are also the costs that shipowners and operators must bear for repairs, vessels out of operation while being fixed and potential penalties for failing to meet contractual agreements. Moreover, a single batch of bad fuel can cause long-term reputational damage to the fuel suppliers involved.

Ship operators are typically advised to avoid taking on contaminated bunkers by selecting suppliers carefully, performing additional tests on bunkers and checking the details of bunker supply contracts in case there is a time limit for giving notice of quality issues. This is good advice for helping to mitigate risks, but it is far from foolproof, and it does not take into account the commercial time pressures operators face.

Tracking and analysing the transactions that a batch of fuel goes through to reach the bunker terminal using digital technology can help protect against these major risks, and warn buyers and suppliers of possible risks before the fuel is bunkered. This digital early warning system can also fit in with the commercial timelines of vessel operators and fuel suppliers alike.

Shared data and insight

Access to the content, history and expected performance of bunker fuel prior to sale or bunkering, allows suppliers and shipowners to reduce their operational and financial risks. Suppliers, in particular, can spread these benefits across their customers. In Singapore, a GCMS (Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) test would have revealed the presence of the organic chlorides causing the fuel contamination. A digital early warning system, combining AI and blockchain technologies, could have helped reduce the risks in this case, by providing a record of the GCMS lab analysis of the supplier storage fuel tanks.

Importantly, these digital technologies work together. Blockchain technology is used to establish a digital record of a batch of fuel throughout its lifecycle, and to allow suppliers to grant data access only to parties that need the information. Recording information using blockchain technology provides a single source of truth for the fuel lifecycle. AI technology is used to analyse the data held in the blockchain and to identify chemical risk, providing an early warning to ship owners and bunker suppliers based on these insights.

Recording data from the fuel lifecycle using blockchain-based technology provides data security through encryption and permissioned transparency, allowing suppliers to only share this information with their commercial partners – building transparency and trust, but not at the cost of competitiveness.

Digital technology also allows operators and suppliers to receive alerts when AI algorithms detect anomalies or non-compliant fuels before they are bunkered, saving suppliers and shipowners from reputational, operational and commercial damage. Using AI and blockchain technologies requires no hardware or manual resources, meaning these insights can be made available at very low cost – just a few pennies per barrel.

While the scope of the recent incidents in Singapore again brought attention to the persistent, global issue of fuel contamination, fuel quality problems cause debunkering issues every month in ports around the world – most of which never make the news. At FuelTrust, we have developed a digital solution that delivers trusted transparency for the bunker industry, and provides the early warning indicators to alleviate the types of fuel contamination issues that cost the sector hundreds of millions of dollars.

Photo credit: FuelTrust
Published: 15 September, 2022

Business

Notice of intended dividend issued for defunct bunkering firm Coastal Oil Singapore

Company’s former Chief Finance Officer received a nine-year jail sentence in 2021 after pleading guilty to 15 charges for conspiring with others to defraud eight banks into approving USD 320 million in loans.

Published

1 day ago

April 17, 2025

Admin

A notice was published in the Government Gazette on Wednesday (16 April), regarding the second and final intended dividend to creditors of defunct bunkering firm Coastal Oil Singapore Pte Ltd.

The following are details of the notice of intended dividend of the company:

Name of Company : Coastal Oil Singapore Pte. Ltd. (In Creditors’ Voluntary Liquidation)
Unique Entity No. / Registration No. : 200413975N
Address of Registered Office : 1 Raffles Quay, #27-10, South Tower, Singapore 048583
Last Day of Receiving Proofs : 30 April 2025
Name of Liquidator : Yit Chee Wah
Address : c/o FTI Consulting (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.,1 Raffles Quay,#27-10, South Tower, Singapore 048583

In 2021, the former Chief Finance Officer of Coastal Oil Singapore received a nine-year jail sentence at the State Courts of Singapore.

Ong Ah Huat earlier pleaded guilty to 15 charges; the charges include three counts of engaging in a scheme to defraud and nine counts of forgery for conspiring with accomplices to defraud eight banks into approving USD 320 million in loans.

The banks involved were: China Merchants Bank (Singapore), Bank of Communications (Hong Kong), BNP Paribas (Hong Kong), Cooperative Rabobank (Hong Kong), DBS Bank (Hong Kong), HSBC (Hong Kong), OCBC (Hong Kong), and Standard Chartered Bank (Hong Kong).

In 2019, Manifold Times reported Hong Kong-listed COSCO SHIPPING International (Hong Kong) Co., Ltd stating its indirect wholly-owned bunkering subsidiary Sinfeng suspecting fraud to be involved in the liquidation of Coastal Oil Singapore during December 2018.

It was believed Coastal Oil Singapore owed approximately US $357 million to 79 firms. Out of the total USD 357 million, banks were the hardest hit taking up about US $354 million, or 99.1%, of total credit owed.

A complete coverage of the events leading to the current development has been arranged by Singapore bunker publication Manifold Times (in descending date order) below:

Photo credit: Benjamin-child
Published: 17 April, 2025

Financial Result

CBL International reports net loss of USD 3.87 million for FY 2024

Despite the net loss, CBL reports a 35.9% revenue increase, which was primarily driven by a 38.1% increase in sales volume, supported by the addition of new customers during the year and more.

Published

1 day ago

April 17, 2025

Admin

CBL International Limited (CBL), the listing vehicle of Banle Group, a leading marine fuel logistic company in the Asia-Pacific region, on Thursday (17 April) announced its annual financial results for the year ended 31 December 2024.

The company reported a consolidated revenue of USD 592.52 million for the year, marking a 35.9% increase from USD 435.90 million in 2023.

This growth was primarily driven by a 38.1% increase in sales volume, supported by the addition of new customers during the year, expansion of its supply network to cover more ports, and a broader customer base that now includes bulk carriers and oil and gas tankers in addition to container liner operators.

However, due to challenging market conditions, CBL reported a net loss of USD 3.87 million in 2024, compared to a net income of USD 1.13 million in 2023.

This was mainly attributed to a 25.5% decrease in gross profit to USD 5.37 million in 2024 from USD 7.21 million in 2023 and a 56.8% rise in operating expenses to USD 8.70 million in 2024 from USD 5.55 million in 2023.

The company adopted a volume-driven growth strategy that involved offering more competitive pricing in a market characterised by intensified competition and pricing pressure.

“While this approach supported increased sales volume and market share, it also contributed to narrower profit margins,” it said.

In addition to reduced gross margins, the net loss was impacted by increased expenses for business expansion, biofuel operation, additional expenses to enhance ESG, and a rise in interest expenses. These were partially offset by a reduction in income tax expenses.

The financial outcome reflects both the dynamic nature of the bunkering industry and the company’s ongoing investment in client base development and geographic growth, which are expected to enhance long-term positioning as market conditions normalise.

Earnings per share (EPS) reflected this, decreasing to USD (0.136) in 2024 from USD 0.045 in 2023. Cash and cash equivalents increased by 8.3% to USD 8.02 million as of December 31, 2024 from USD 7.40 million as of December 31, 2023.

Business Expansion in Challenging Times

CBL International’s operational expansion was a key focus in 2024, particularly in a challenging industry environment marked by geopolitical tensions, such as the Red Sea crisis and broader Middle East tensions. The company grew its service network from 36 ports at the time of its IPO in March 2023 to over 60 ports by year-end 2024, covering Asia Pacific, Europe, Africa, and Central America. Revenue growth year-on-year was notable across China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, and South Korea.

Key new ports included Mauritius, Panama, and India, enhancing its global reach. This expansion was supported by servicing nine of the world’s top 12 container shipping lines, representing nearly 60% of global container fleet capacity. The Company’s European expansion focused on strengthening cross-regional service offerings for Euro–Asia trade routes. Growth was supported by a stronger presence in the Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp (ARA) region and a new Ireland office established in late 2023, enhancing local sourcing capabilities.

Customer diversification was another priority, with the share of non-container liners in total revenue increased, and sales concentration among the top five customers declined in fiscal year 2024.

A significant highlight was the company’s push towards sustainability, with biofuel sales surging by 628.8% and volume by 603.0%. The introduction of B24 biofuel (76% fossil fuel, 24% used cooking oil methyl ester) in Hong Kong, China, and Malaysia reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 20%, supported by ISCC EU and ISCC Plus certifications secured in 2023. This aligns with global trends towards greener shipping solutions and positions CBL as a leader in sustainable fuel logistics.

Strategically, CBL enhanced its IT systems, implementing real-time order tracking, data analytics, and workflow automation to improve efficiency. Credit risk management was strengthened, and working capital management improved with increased factoring facilities and a cash balance rise, navigating macroeconomic challenges through pricing strategies and port network adjustments. Additionally, CBL expanded its funding sources by accessing capital markets, such as private placement, increasing financial flexibility to support growth initiatives.

CBL’s Outlook for the Future

Despite the net loss, CBL’s management remains optimistic about the future, viewing current industry challenges as an opportunity to build resilience and enhance customer loyalty.

While prudently evaluating the impact of the latest US tariff policy, among other macro incidents such as geopolitical tensions, regulatory changes, and shifting global trade dynamics, on the economy and the bunkering sector, CBL believes its broad global network, primarily focused on intra-Asia and Euro-Asia trade routes, helps mitigate potential adverse effects. Since the company has no operation on U.S. ports, the impact of such policies may be limited in the near future.

The company’s strategic expansion of ports, diversification of its client base, and commitment to sustainable initiatives are designed to position it for growth when market conditions improve.

By investing in new ports and expanding relationships with key industry players, CBL aims to secure long-term partnerships that will strengthen its market position as global trade stabilises and profitability improves.

Dr. Teck Lim Chia, Chairman and CEO of CBL International Limited, stated, “We are confident in our strategy to expand our service network, maximise sales volume and explore sustainable offerings, even in these challenging times.”

“Our investments in new ports, diversified clients, and sustainable fuels are building a foundation for future growth. We believe that by demonstrating our capabilities at present, we will earn customer loyalty that will yield substantial benefits as the market recovers, positioning CBL International for significant success in the years ahead.”

Looking ahead, CBL remains focused on expanding its market presence, particularly in biofuels, and enhancing its global supply network.

Photo credit: Kyle Sudu on Unsplash
Published: 17 April, 2025

Newbuilding

Chinese shipbuilder delivers CMA CGM’s Singapore-flagged LNG-powered boxship

CMA CGM welcomes “CMA CGM SEINE”, the first in a four-ship series of 24,000 TEU LNG dual-fuel container ships, by Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding, according to BV Marine & Offshore.

Published

1 day ago

April 17, 2025

Admin

Chinese shipbuilder delivers CMA CGM’s Singapore-flagged LNG-powered boxship

Bureau Veritas Marine & Offshore (BV) on Wednesday (16 April) announced the successful delivery of CMA CGM SEINE, a new 24,000 TEU LNG dual-fuel container ship, by Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding (HZSY).

This milestone marked the completion of the first vessel in a four-ship series, with BV providing classification and BV Solutions Marine & Offshore (BVS) providing advisory services.

It is CMA CGM’s first LNG-powered vessel flying the Singaporean flag with a capacity of 24,000 TEU.

It was reported that CMA CGM planned to expand its fleet and vessel tonnage, adding more vessels under the Singapore Registry of Ships. To support the transition to more sustainable fuels, CMA CGM said it would register and bunker alternative fuel vessels under the Singapore flag.

Xavier Leclercq, Vice President of CMA Ships, said: “Today’s delivery of the ‘CMA CGM SEINE’ featuring LNG as fuel at such a large scale, will remain a major landmark in the shipping world and embodies the engagement of the CMA CGM group toward an ambitious decarbonisation path, leading the way to our industry.”

Mr. Xiufeng ZHANG, Vice General Manger of Hudong-Zhonghua shipyard, said: “CMA CGM SEINE, as the lead ship of the four 24,000-TEU LNG dual-fuel powered container ships ordered by CMA Ships from our company, stands as a new-generation maritime ‘Green Giant’ and ‘super cargo hauler’.”

The vessel integrates a dual-fuel propulsion system supported by GTT Mark III membrane-type LNG bunker tanks, with a total capacity of 18,600 cubic meters, designed to enhance both environmental performance and operational efficiency.

Measuring 399.9 meters in length and 61.3 meters in beam, the vessel has a carrying capacity of 23,876 TEU and is equipped with a WinGD W12X92DF-2.0 dual-fuel main engine, incorporating the Intelligent Control by Exhaust Recycling (iCER) system.

This configuration significantly reduces methane emissions and enables compliance with IMO Tier III emission standards when operating in "Diesel + iCER mode".

BV worked closely with the engine manufacturer and the shipyard to test the parent engine and issued the Engine International Air Pollution Prevention (EIAPP) certificate, establishing a foundation for compliance across the series. The iCER system optimises energy efficiency, achieving an Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) reduction well beyond the IMO’s Tier III standards.

To address the critical sloshing challenges in large-volume LNG bunker tanks, BVS performed direct computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The verified pressure data was provided to the design unit for structural strength checks, ensuring the safety of the cargo containment system and hull support structure.

The vessel features advanced technologies to boost operational performance and energy efficiency. Equipped with the SmartEye intelligent monitoring system and the TotalCommand full-control system, it achieves automated precision control during berthing, significantly reducing berthing time and enhancing port operations.

Energy efficiency is further improved by applying variable frequency drive (VFD) technology to the engine room fans and seawater cooling pumps. Meanwhile, the WinGD Data Collection Monitoring (DCM) system offers real-time tracking and analysis for the dual-fuel main engine, supporting operational optimisation.

BV also supported the upgrade of BV certified boil-off gas (BOG) compressors by conducting sea trial tests and re-issuing product certificates, facilitating seamless system commissioning and vessel delivery.

Photo credit: Bureau Veritas Marine & Offshore
Published: 17 April, 2025