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VPS discusses mitigating risks in sustainable vessel operations with its APS

Harun Rashid, Senior Technical Manager of VPS explains how to safeguard vessels against bunker fuel instability with VPS Additional Protection Service.

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VPS discusses mitigating risks in sustainable vessel operations with its APS

Harun Rashid, Senior Technical Manager of marine fuels testing company VPS on Tuesday (19 March) published an article on how to safeguard vessels against marine fuel instability with VPS Additional Protection Service (APS):

Stability has long been a highly unpredictable character of marine fuels, which is extremely sensitive to a fuel’s formulation and its storage and handling conditions. For these reasons, fuel buyers have no direct control on fuel stability, unlike other physical parameters, other than relying upon a supplier’s due diligence regarding the fuel formulation and the ship’s engineer’s professionalism in managing the fuel on board.

Asphaltenes within residual-based fuels can precipitate as sediment/sludge whenever a fuel’s available solvency to retain asphaltenes in suspension drops below the fuel’s stability reserve. The ISO 8217:2012/17 standard has a sediment limit of a maximum 0.10% m/m to protect buyers’ interest where an elevated sediment value can be indicative of an unstable fuel. Today’s fuels are no longer produced from straight run refining processes, but undergo a series of complex processes, for example, vacuum distillation, vis-breaking, catalytic cracking, in order to extract the lighter end components as much as possible, leaving the bottom end components with reduced reserve stability. The solvency can further diminish with unregulated blending in order to meet the Sulphur compliance levels within MARPOL Annex VI & statutory regulations.

During 2023, VPS handled numerous sludge formation cases which led to severe filter & separator blockages. The majority of these cases involved VLSFO fuels and for a sizeable number, the sediment content at the ship’s manifold was actually below the 0.10%m/m specification limit. In one case, a ship received a VLSFO in an Asian port with sediment content 0.07%m/m and reported severe sludge formation soon after the fuel was put into use, with sludge formation continuing throughout the use of the fuel.

The sludge formation was so severe that the engineers had to clean the purifier bowl assembly every 4 hours, compared to a usual cleaning interval of 250 hours. At one point, the engineers discontinued using the fuel, as the vessel ran out of spare parts. Analysis of system samples later confirmed that the sludge formation was indeed due to unstable fuel and not from on-board mixing.

While the number of sludge formation cases clearly singles out VLSFO as more unstable and challenging to manage on-board, compared to HSFOs, another challenge is to prevent wax formation without exposing fuel to excessive heat and accelerated fuel ageing. With VLSFOs being  more parafinnic in nature, a good number may require heating beyond their pour point to prevent wax formation.

VPS discusses mitigating risks in sustainable vessel operations with its APS

VPS 2023 data shows, at least 15.8% of VLSFO samples had a wax appearance temp (WAT) above 40C, including 1.6% above 50C. These samples will precipitate wax if storage temps are not kept above the WAT, compared to the lower storage temperature requirements based on their tested pour points.

Wax formation is a reversible process, so theoretically, it should not cause any operational issue as long as fuel remains stable, but unfortunately, fuel stability is not guaranteed. Moreover, if wax is allowed to form, wax and aspheltenes (sludge) can co-mingle together as a result, the wax disappearance temperature may increase significantly and in the worst case, the wax may no longer disappear.

Taking a middle approach and striking a balance could be one option where the fuel is not severely overheated, nor the wax allowed to form freely during storage and only increase temperatures during transfer if needed. VLSFO with such high WAT/WDT will need close attention and care during storage, transfer, treatment and use. Prolonged storage should also be avoided for such fuels.  

Sludge formation on the other hand is an irreversible process, meaning it is not possible to convert the precipitated sludge back into the fuel. As there is no quick fix, efficient handling of fuel treatment plants becomes so critical otherwise, severe clogging of filters and separators can lead to fuel starvation to the engine and a loss of propulsion placing greater risk to the safety of the crew, ship, and the environment.

Avoiding a catastrophic situation requires visiting the entire fuel management chain and adhering to best practices. It starts with buying fuel from trusted suppliers, followed by verifying the fuel quality in one of the VPS, ISO17025 accredited laboratories.

VPS offers  an Additional Protection Service (APS) package which includes a stability assessment of the fuel.

VPS discusses mitigating risks in sustainable vessel operations with its APS

VPS additional protection service (APS) package

Parameters such as Separability Number (Reserve Stability Number) and Total Sediment Existent (TSE) together with Total Sediment Potential (TSP) results provides an excellent indication of fuel stability while GC/MS screening and follow up testing ensures the fuel is not contaminated with harmful chemical species at levels considered “unfit for use”. Testing Wax appearance & disappearance temperatures assist in maintaining optimal heating to prevent wax formation whilst also avoiding overheating and fuel ageing.

If a vessel uses stability additives, then its performance evaluation should not only be in assessing the improvement of the reserve stability number, but to conduct a broader assessment across fleet including assessing sediment reduction. Crew training is key, as poor handling of fuel by incompetent crew can also trigger a sludge formation situation.

A deeper understanding of the fuel’s quality can be achieved, coupled with a further reduction of any associated risk, by going beyond ISO 8217 and using the APS test scope. This service will ultimately save time, money and company reputation.

 

Photo credit: VPS
Published: 20 March 2024

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Mass Flowmeter

Hong Kong backs MFM adoption with voluntary scheme to boost bunkering competitiveness

Hong Kong’s Marine Department launched the Quality Bunker Operator Scheme to encourage bunker operators to install and use mass flow meter systems on their bunker vessels.

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RESIZED EH dual mfm setup

Hong Kong’s Marine Department (MD) on Wednesday (3 June) launched the Quality Bunker Operator Scheme to encourage bunker operators to install and use mass flow meter systems (MFM systems) on their bunker vessels.

MD said the scheme aims to enhance Hong Kong’s bunkering service quality and the competitiveness of Hong Kong ports, thereby further consolidating Hong Kong’s position as an international maritime centre and a major bunkering port.

Under the Scheme, bunker operators of traditional maritime fuel and biodiesel that install and use MFM systems on their bunker vessels, with the MFM systems inspected and certified by an accredited body in accordance with the International Organization for Standardization’s ISO 22192 Standard or equivalent requirements, can apply to the MD for inclusion in the scheme’s “List of Quality Bunker Vessels”, provided they meet the relevant technical and operational requirements. 

Details of the bunker vessels successfully included in the List will be published on a dedicated page on the MD’s website for reference by shipping companies and relevant stakeholders.

Participation in the Scheme is voluntary. In addition to receiving recognition from the MD, participating bunker operators will benefit from enhanced corporate image and competitiveness through the adoption of MFM systems, thereby boosting customers’ confidence and helping to create new business opportunities.

 A spokesman for the MD, said: “As an international maritime centre supported by our country, Hong Kong has a strategic location adjacent to major international fairways. Coupled with years of development in marine fuel bunkering, Hong Kong possesses rich experience and talent in the field. For many years, Hong Kong has consistently ranked as the seventh-largest bunkering port globally, the second-largest in our country, and the largest in the Greater Bay Area, providing reliable and competitive fuel bunkering services to ocean-going vessels from around the world. 

“As the international shipping industry has an increasing demand for accuracy and transparency in bunkering services, service quality and measurement precision in bunkering operations have become important indicators of a bunkering port’s competitiveness. The Scheme will enhance bunkering accuracy and transparency, further enhancing the quality of Hong Kong’s bunkering services.

The spokesman added that comprehensive port services are one of Hong Kong’s key advantages as an international maritime centre.

“We will also mandate the use of MFM systems on all methanol bunker vessels this year to ensure that Hong Kong continues to provide high-quality bunkering services in the era of green maritime fuels.” 

Note: The application form for the Scheme can be found on the MD’s website. Interested bunker operators can download the application form from the website or contact the MD’s Green Maritime Fuel Team via email ([email protected]) for details.

 

Photo credit: Manifold Times
Published: 4 June, 2026

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Alternative Fuels

MPA and MSC ink MoU to support adoption of alternative bunker fuels

MPA and MSC will explore new routes and services to strengthen connectivity, support the adoption of alternative marine fuels such as bio-LNG, and advance technologies to improve vessel energy efficiency.

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MPA and MSC ink MoU to support adoption of alternative bunker fuels

The Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) on Wednesday (3 June) said it signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with MSC Mediterranean Shipping Company to strengthen collaboration in maritime decarbonisation, digitalisation, innovation, and manpower development. 

The MoU was signed on 25 May 2026 by Mr Ang Wee Keong, Chief Executive of MPA, and Mr Soren Toft, Chief Executive Officer of MSC.

The MoU underscores the shared commitment of MPA and MSC to foster a sustainable, digital, and future-ready maritime sector, while enhancing MSC’s operational and business activities in Singapore. This year also marks the 30th anniversary of MSC establishing its Asia Regional Office and local office in Singapore.

Under the MoU, MPA and MSC will explore new routes and services to strengthen connectivity, support the adoption of alternative marine fuels such as bio-LNG, and advance technologies to improve vessel energy efficiency and operational performance.

MPA and MSC will also collaborate on maritime digitalisation initiatives to improve operational efficiency, including streamlining vessel arrivals and port operations. 

On manpower development, MSC will support internship and scholarship opportunities through Singapore Maritime Foundation’s Maritime Outreach Network (MaritimeONE) platform, an industry-led tripartite partnership comprising industry, government and institutes of higher learning that aims to raise awareness of the maritime industry and attract quality talent into the maritime sector.

Mr Ang Wee Keong, Chief Executive of MPA, said: “This partnership reflects the strong collaboration between MPA and MSC in driving sustainability and digitalisation in the maritime sector. By working together on decarbonisation, operational efficiency and talent development, we aim to strengthen Maritime Singapore’s position as a trusted and future-ready global maritime hub.”

Mr Soren Toft, Chief Executive Officer of MSC, said: “Singapore is a strategically important hub for MSC and a key gateway to the broader Asia region. As we mark 30 years in Singapore, this MOU reinforces our long-term commitment to strengthening our presence here. MSC and Singapore are closely aligned on the priorities shaping the future of global shipping, and we look forward to deepening this partnership to drive the continued growth and resilience of the maritime industry.”

 

Photo credit: Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore
Published: 4 June, 2026

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Methanol

Seaspan and Hapag-Lloyd complete first of five methanol vessel retrofit

Following “Seaspan Yangtze”, the remaining vessels planned for retrofit under the methanol retrofit programme are “Seaspan Amazon”, “Seaspan Ganges”, “Seaspan Thames”, and “Seaspan Zambezi”.

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Seaspan and Hapag-Lloyd complete first of five methanol vessel retrofit

Seaspan Corporation (Seaspan) and Hapag-Lloyd on Wednesday (3 June) announced the successful completion of the first of the five vessel conversions under their methanol retrofit programme with the delivery of Seaspan Yangtze.

From the early SAVER (Seaspan Action for Vessel Energy Reduction) programme to today’s CleanBlue initiative, Seaspan has committed over USD 230 USD million across 86 vessels, executing more than 550 efficiency and retrofit projects.

Following Seaspan Yangtze, the remaining vessels planned for retrofit under the programme are Seaspan Amazon, Seaspan Ganges, Seaspan Thames, and Seaspan Zambezi. Each retrofit is expected to reduce well-to-wake CO₂e emissions by approximately 30,000 to 50,000 metric tonnes per vessel annually when operating on low-carbon methanol, while also extending vessel lifespan and enhancing fuel flexibility.

“Decarbonisation is not just about building the fleet of tomorrow, it is also about unlocking the full potential of the fleet we have today. Retrofitting and upgrades on existing fleets play a practical, immediate, and economical role in accelerating shipping’s decarbonization journey,” said Bing Chen, Chairman, President and CEO of Seaspan. 

“Project SAVER CleanBlue highlights Seaspan’s strong customer partnerships, deep technical expertise, and unique platform integrated with JV partners, such as WattSpan Maritime Technology, in executing complex and large-scale retrofit projects.”

“The successful conversion of the Seaspan Yangtze together with the planned retrofit of its four sister vessels is another important step on our ambitious path towards net-zero fleet operations by 2045,” said Silke Lehmköster, Managing Director, Fleet, Hapag-Lloyd. 

“Together with Seaspan, we are demonstrating that retrofitting existing vessels for low-carbon methanol can be a practical way to reduce emissions in shipping.”

 

Photo credit: Seaspan
Published: 4 June, 2026

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