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Singapore: MPA publishes resolutions adopted during MEPC 75 and 76

Resolutions adopted at MEPC 75 and 76 applicable to shipowners, ship managers, operators, agents and masters of Singapore-registered ships.

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The Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) on Tuesday (14 September) issued Shipping Circular No. 9 of 2021 which focuses on resolutions adopted during the 75th and 76th session of the Maritime Environment Protection Committee (MEPC 75 and MEPC 76).

Organised by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), MEPC 75 and 76 were held remotely on 16 to 20 November 2020 and 10 to 17 June 2021 respectively.

The resolutions adopted are applicable to shipowners, ship managers, operators, agents and masters of Singapore-registered ships.

The mandatory resolutions adopted by MEPC 75 include the following:

Resolution MEPC.324(75) – Amendments to the Annex of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto

This resolution adopts amendments to MARPOL Annex VI concerning the procedures for sampling and verification of the sulphur content of fuel oil and the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI). The amendments will enter into force on 01 April 2022 and will be given effect through amendments to the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea (Air) Regulations.

Resolution MEPC.325(75) – Amendments to regulation E-1 and Appendix I of the International Convention for the Control and Management of the Ship’s Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004

This resolution adopts amendments to the International Ballast Water Management Convention to require a commission test to be conducted to validate that the ballast water management system is working properly. The amendments will enter into force on 01 June 2022 and will be given effect through amendments to the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea (Ballast Water Management) Regulations.

The mandatory resolutions adopted by MEPC 76 include the following:

Resolution MEPC.328(76) – Amendments to MARPOL Annex VI (2021 Revised MARPOL Annex VI)

The resolution adopts amendments to MARPOL Annex VI concerning mandatory goal-based technical and operational measures to reduce carbon intensity of international shipping and exemption of unmanned non-self-propelled (UNSP) barges from certain survey and certification requirements. The amendments will enter into force on 01 November 2022 and will be given effect through amendments to the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea (Air) Regulations.

Resolution MEPC.329(76) – Amendments to MARPOL Annex I

This resolution adopts amendments to MARPOL Annex I to prohibit the use and carriage for use as fuel of heavy fuel oil by ships in Arctic waters. The amendments will enter into force on 01 November 2022 and will be given effect through amendments to the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea (Oil) Regulations.

Resolution MEPC.330(76) – Amendments to MARPOL Annexes I and IV

This resolution adopts amendments to MARPOL Annexes I and IV concerning exemption of unmanned non-self-propelled barges from certain survey and certification requirements. The amendments will enter into force on 01 November 2022 and will be given effect through amendments to the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea (Oil) and (Sewage) Regulations.

Resolution MEPC.331(76) – Amendments to the International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships, 2001 (the AFS Convention)

This resolution adopts amendments concerning the control of ships bearing an anti-fouling system that contains cybutryne and the model form of the International Anti-Fouling System certificate. The amendments will enter into force on 01 January 2023 and will be given effect through amendments to the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea (Harmful Anti-Fouling Systems) Regulations.

MEPC 76 also adopted the following resolutions:

Resolution MEPC.332(76) – Amendments to the 2018 Guidelines on the Method of Calculation of the Attained Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for New Ships (Resolution MEPC.308(73), as amended by Resolution MEPC.322(74))

The amended resolution specifies the required and attained EEDI values and relevant information to be reported to International Maritime Organisation (IMO) by the Administration and any organization duly authorized as mandated by Regulation 22.3 of MARPOL Annex VI.

Resolution MEPC.333(76) – 2021 Guidelines on the Method of Calculation of the Attained Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI)

This resolution contains guidance on the method of calculating a ship’s attained EEXI.

Resolution MEPC.334(76) – 2021 Guidelines on Survey and Certification of the Energy Efficiency Existing Ship Index (EEXI)

This resolution serves to assist verifiers of the EEXI of ships in conducting the survey and certification of the EEXI.

Resolution MEPC.335(76) – 2021 Guidelines on the Shaft/Engine Power Limitation System to Comply with the EEXI Requirement and Use of a Power Reserve

This resolution contains technical and operational conditions for ships using Shaft/Engine Power Limitation (SHaPoLi/EPL) System to comply with the EEXI requirement and use of a power reserve.

Resolution MEPC.336(76) – 2021 Guidelines on Operational Carbon Intensity Indicators and the Calculation Methods (CII Guidelines, G1)

This resolution contains the calculation methods and the applicability of the operational carbon intensity indicator (CII) for individual ships to which chapter 4 of MARPOL Annex VI, as amended, applies.

Resolution MEPC.337(76) – 2021 Guidelines on the Reference Lines for Use with Operational Carbon Intensity Indicators (CII Reference Lines Guidelines, G2)

This resolution provides the methods to calculate the reference lines for use with operational carbon intensity indicators (CII), and the ship type specific carbon intensity reference lines as referred to in regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI.

Resolution MEPC.338(76) – 2021 Guidelines on the Operational Carbon Intensity Reduction Factors Relative to Reference Lines (CII Reduction Factor Guidelines, G3)

This resolution provides the methods to determine the annual operational carbon intensity reduction factors and their concrete values from year 2023 to 2030, as referred to in regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI.

Resolution MEPC. 339(76) – 2021 Guidelines on the Operational Carbon Intensity Rating of Ships (CII Rating Guidelines, G4)

This resolution provides the methods to assign operational energy efficiency performance ratings to ships, as referred to in regulation 28 of MARPOL Annex VI.

Note: The full 473-page Shipping Circular No. 9 of 2021, which also includes reports on MEPC 75 and MEPC 76, is available from the MPA link here.

 

Photo credit: Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore
Published: 15 September, 2021

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Methanol

GENA Solutions: Total renewable and low-carbon methanol project pipeline increases from 61.8 to 62.2 Mt by 2032

Information shared by MI – the Global Methanol Alliance meant to assist the maritime industry in the adoption of methanol as a mainstream marine fuel heading into IMO 2030/2050.

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MI – the Global Methanol Alliance recently shared with Manifold Times the renewable and low-carbon methanol project pipeline August 2026 release produced by GENA Solutions Oy.

Information from the release is meant to provide the bunkering publication’s readers with insight on renewable methanol availability, and to assist the maritime industry in the adoption of methanol as a mainstream marine fuel heading into IMO 2030/2050.

Key takeaways from GENA’s August 2026 Methanol release are as follows:

  • As of the end of August 2026, GENA tracks 286 renewable and low carbon methanol projects, representing 62.2 Mt of capacity by 2032. This includes 25.1 Mt of e-methanol, 25.9 Mt of biomethanol, and 11.2 Mt of low carbon methanol capacity.
  • Two new projects were added to Project Navigator last month, while one frozen project was excluded. The project pipeline increased by 0.4 Mt month on month.
  • Four new offtake agreements were registered during August, including two biomethanol and two e-methanol agreements.
  • About 8% of the cumulative renewable methanol project pipeline capacity has reached FID so far, with another 11% at the FEED stage.
  • Considering the current uncertainty around regulatory developments and demand growth, GENA projects that renewable methanol capacity could reach 6 Mt to 12 Mt by 2031.

Note: The full article can be viewed here.

Renewable methanol project pipeline 4 Renewable methanol by feedstock 8 Renewable methanol by region 7 Project pipeline by status Methanol capacity scenarios

 

Photo credit: GENA Solutions
Published: 4 September, 2026

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Business

Singapore: MPA urges maritime firms to prepare for potential haze with plan

MPA encourages all maritime companies, especially those with workers performing outdoor work to maintain a business continuity plan for haze.

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The Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) on Monday (31 August) issued Port Marine Circular No. 9 of 2026 on steps for maritime companies to take for potential haze affecting Singapore:

BUSINESS CONTINUITY PLAN FOR HAZE

This circular supersedes Port Marine Circular No. 09 of 2023.

With reference to the National Environment Agency’s (NEA) joint media release issued on 9 August 2026, hotspots were observed in parts of Sumatra and Kalimantan, with prevailing winds potentially bringing smoke haze towards Singapore. The dry conditions may further increase the likelihood of haze affecting Singapore. The Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) encourages all maritime companies, especially those with workers performing outdoor work to maintain a business continuity plan for haze.

MPA advises all maritime companies to monitor the PSI level through the media and the NEA’s website (www.haze.gov.sg), keep at least a one-week supply of N95 masks for workers especially those who work outdoors, and observe the Ministry of Manpower’s (MOM) Haze guidelines and advisory for work which can be found on their website (www.mom.gov.sg/haze). The latter include guidelines to ensure that stocks of N95 masks are periodically inspected, remain serviceable, and not expired.

The visibility in the Singapore Strait and port waters could be significantly reduced in the event of haze. During periods of restricted visibility, shipmasters are advised to keep a proper lookout and navigate with caution. They are also advised to comply with the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea and in particular Rule No. 19, Rule No. 20 and Rule 35 concerning conduct of vessels in restricted visibility, exhibition of navigation lights and sound signals in restricted visibility, respectively.

In the interest of safety of navigation and life at sea, the Port Master may restrict the movement of harbour craft and pleasure craft in the port waters during reduced visibility conditions.

 

Photo credit: Manifold Times
Published: 31 August, 2026

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Alternative Fuels

DNV report: Regulatory uncertainty demands fleet strategies built for multiple futures

Report examines four regulatory scenarios, ranging from adoption of IMO NZF in its current form to its outright rejection, energy efficiency uptake, and long-term bunker fuel and technology strategies.

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DNV report: Regulatory uncertainty demands fleet strategies built for multiple futures

Regulatory uncertainty is increasing pressure on shipowners to make investment decisions that remain viable across multiple future scenarios, said classification society DNV on Thursday (27 August). 

According to DNV’s 10th Maritime Forecast to 2050, stronger global regulatory signals could accelerate the uptake of energy-efficiency measures, enabling the global fleet to consume up to 25% less energy by 2050 compared to a scenario where regulation is driven by regions.

The report examines four regulatory scenarios, ranging from adoption of the IMO Net-Zero Framework (NZF) in its current form to its outright rejection, which could lead to a period of prolonged regulatory gridlock, and explores the implications of these outcomes for fuel demand, energy efficiency uptake, and long-term fleet fuel and technology strategies.

Cristina Saenz de Santa Maria, CEO Maritime, DNV, said: “Ships ordered today will operate well beyond 2050, but many of the factors shaping their future performance remain uncertain. Regulatory requirements are advancing faster than the fuel, infrastructure, and technological systems needed to support them, making long-term investment decisions increasingly complex. The industry therefore needs greater clarity and alignment among all stakeholders to provide the confidence required for long-term investment. In the meantime, shipowners need strategies that deliver benefits today while remaining resilient across a range of regulatory and market outcomes.”

Energy efficiency is one of the most immediate and practical levers available to shipowners, delivering value across regulatory outcomes whether implemented at the newbuild stage or as a retrofit. A case study of a hydrodynamic measures retrofit on a 5,000 TEU container vessel showed potential annual fuel savings of 16%, with a payback time of around one to four years depending on future fuel prices. Retrofits can add similar value across many ship types and with sufficient planning can typically be completed during a standard class-renewal dry docking.

The development of the marine low-GHG fuel market remains a key challenge. While significant progress has been made in expanding alternative-fuel capabilities of vessels, scaling fuel production depends on confidence that demand will materialize. DNV projects shipping demand for low-GHG fuels to range from 4 to 22 Mtoe by 2030 and 33 to 185 Mtoe by 2050, depending on regulatory outcomes, with uptake also shaped by future uptake of shore power, plug-in hybridization, nuclear power, and onboard carbon capture systems.

Current project pipelines indicate a maximum global supply of 270 Mtoe by 2030, although actual volumes are likely to be lower due to project delays and other uncertainties, and shipping will need to compete with other industries for its share. However, the cost of reducing emissions varies significantly between fuel pathways, with abatement costs ranging from about 180 to 1,290 USD per tonne of CO₂ avoided, highlighting the importance of regulation and market incentives in enabling low-GHG fuel markets to develop.

Øyvind Sekkesæter, lead author of Maritime Forecast to 2050, said: “Scenarios explored in this year’s report show how different regulatory futures can lead to very different outcomes in energy efficiency uptake, fuel demand, and consequently, GHG emissions. By testing fuel and technology choices across multiple scenarios, shipowners can identify strategies that create value today while preserving flexibility as regulation, fuel availability, prices, and technologies evolve. Strategies that each owner chooses will also be dependent on their fleet type and operating context.”

Key findings from the report: 

  • Several regulatory futures remain possible as the IMO continues negotiations on the Net-Zero Framework, with these outcomes shaping investment decisions, low-GHG fuel uptake, and energy-efficiency deployment across the global fleet.
  • With global regulatory incentives in place, the world-fleet could consume 25% less energy by 2050 than under a scenario limited to regional regulations.
  • Energy efficiency can pay off regardless of regulatory outcome – 5,000 TEU container ship case study shows 16% annual fuel savings from hydrodynamic measures retrofit.
  • Shipping demand for low-GHG fuels could range from 4 to 22 Mtoe by 2030, and 33 to 185 Mtoe by 2050, depending on regulatory outcomes and the availability of these fuels in a competitive global market.
  • Current project pipelines indicate that a maximum of 270 Mtoe of supply could be available by 2030, though actual volumes are likely to be lower due to project delays and other uncertainties, and shipping will need to compete with other industries for its share.
  • Testing fuel and technology strategies across different scenarios can help shipowners identify robust choices for an uncertain transition. Testing, piloting, and verifying technologies can provide the trusted performance data needed to make investment decisions with greater confidence.

Note: DNV’s 10th Maritime Forecast to 2050 can be found here. 

 

Photo credit: DNV
Published: 28 August, 2026

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