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Bunker Fuel

ENGINE: East of Suez Bunker Fuel Availability Outlook (12 Dec 2023)

VLSFO availability tight in Singapore; LSMGO and HSFO supply good in Zhoushan; strong bunker demand in Fujairah.

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RESIZED ENGINE East of Suez

The following article regarding regional bunker fuel availability outlook for the East of Suez region has been provided by online marine fuels procurement platform ENGINE for publication on Singapore bunkering publication Manifold Times:

  • VLSFO availability tight in Singapore
  • LSMGO and HSFO supply good in Zhoushan
  • Strong bunker demand in Fujairah

Singapore

Singapore has been witnessing “sluggish” demand so far this week. VLSFO supply continues to remain under pressure in the port, with lead times varying widely between 6-14 days. A source claims at least seven bunker suppliers are currently grappling with tight delivery schedules in the port. Lead times of 12-16 were advised for the grade last week.

Availability of HSFO has improved in the Southeast Asian bunker hub, with lead times coming down from more than 14 days last week to 7-9 days now. LSMGO supply remains good, with almost unchanged lead times of 3-5 days.

Singapore’s residual fuel oil stocks have come down slightly in the first week of December from November levels, according to Enterprise Singapore. The port’s net fuel oil imports have plunged 76% so far in December. Both fuel oil imports and exports have declined this month. Its fuel oil imports have slumped 57% so far this month, while its exports have dipped 2%.

The port’s middle distillate stocks, on the other hand, have averaged 11% lower so far this month than in November.

China, East Asia and Oceania

VLSFO availability has shown signs of improvement in Zhoushan, with most suppliers now recommending lead times of 5-7 days. This comes after the grade was subject to enquiry last week. Despite the improvement in supply, the demand for the grade remains low because of the high premiums quoted by some suppliers, making it unattractive for buyers to bunker them.

LSMGO and HSFO supply remain good in the Chinese bunker hub, with short lead times of 2-5 days.

Meanwhile, the northern Chinese port of Dalian has good availability of VLSFO and LSMGO. The nearby port of Tianjin also has a good supply of VLSFO, but the availability of LSMGO and HSFO remains under pressure and deliveries are subject to enquiry. Prompt availability of VLSFO and LSMGO remains tight in the other northern Chinese port of Qingdao, and HSFO remains subject to enquiry there.

Both grades remain tight for prompt supply in the southern Chinese ports of Shanghai and Xiamen. HSFO availability continues to remain under pressure in Shanghai, as it has been in recent weeks.

LSMGO supply is tight in Guangzhou, but VLSFO availability remains good there. Both grades remain subject to enquiry in the southeastern port of Fuzhou.

Yangpu port, on the other hand, has good availability of both grades.

All grades remain in ample supply in Hong Kong, with unchanged lead times of 5-7 days recommended. Bad weather is forecast in Hong Kong on Wednesday and Saturday, which might disrupt bunker deliveries at the port.

Strong winds and high waves are predicted to hit the South Korean ports of Ulsan, Onsan, Busan, Daesan, Taean and Yeosu intermittently between Tuesday and Sunday, which might hamper bunker deliveries at these ports.

Meanwhile, supply of all grades has improved in South Korean ports, with lead times coming down from 5-12 days last week to 3-9 days now.

Availability of all grades has improved in Japan’s Tokyo as well, with lead times of 7-10 days – down from 10-12 days last week.

Most suppliers in Japan will accept new bunker orders until 20 December, before the beginning of the Christmas and New Year holidays, the source adds.

Tropical cyclone Jasper, which is moving north-westwards toward Queensland coastline, Australia, is predicted to make landfall on Wednesday between Cooktown and Innisfail.

Port operations were suspended in Cape Flattery, Cairns and Mourilyan on Tuesday due to the cyclone, while terminals at the ports of Abbot Point and Hay Point ceased vessel operations, according to GAC Hot Port News.

Warning has been issued in areas between Cape Flattery to Townsville (not including Townsville), which includes the port of Palm Island. Authorities will also keep an eye on potential disruption around the area between Cape Melville to Cape Flattery.

Adverse weather conditions are also forecast in the Philippine port of Subic Bay between 13-15 December, and in the Kiwi port of Tauranga between 12-14 December, which may hamper bunkering operations.

South Asia

VLSFO and LSMGO supply remains good in Kandla on India’s northwest coast, with some suppliers advising short lead times of 2-3 days.

Both grades remain in tight availability in several Indian ports including Mumbai, Chennai, Cochin, Visakhapatnam, Paradip and Haldia, with deliveries subject to availability in these ports. Bunker deliveries remain subject to enquiry in Tuticorin on the southeast coast as it has been in recent weeks.

Bad weather conditions are forecast in the Sri Lankan port of Colombo on Wednesday, which may impact bunkering.

Middle East

Prompt availability is tight for all grades in Fujairah because of the robust bunker demand in the port. Lead times of 7-10 days are recommended for all grades, while some suppliers are still able to offer the grades for prompt dates, a source says.

Most suppliers in the other UAE port of Khor Fakkan can deliver bunker stems by 15 December at the earliest, the source adds.

By Tuhin Roy

Photo credit and source: ENGINE
Published: 13 December, 2023

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Legal

Singapore police arrest eight over alleged illegal MGO transaction off Tuas

SPF says preliminary investigations found that crew members of a Singapore-registered tugboat misappropriated MGO worth about SGD 10,570 without their company’s knowledge and sold it illegally.

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Singapore police arrest eight over alleged illegal MGO transaction off Tuas

The Singapore Police Force (SPF) on Thursday (13 August) said it has arrested eight men, aged between 25 and 54, for their suspected involvement in an illegal transaction of Marine Gas Oil (MGO).

On 13 August 2026 at about 1.05am, officers from the Police Coast Guard (PCG) conducted a check on a Singapore-registered tugboat in the waters off Tuas and discovered that eight crew members were possibly involved in the illegal transaction of MGO. 

“Preliminary investigations revealed that the crew members of the tugboats misappropriated MGO valued at about SGD 10,570 (USD 8,258), without their company’s knowledge,” SPF said in a statement.

“The MGO was sold illegally for their personal financial gain.”

The eight crew members will be charged in court on 14 August 2026 with the offence of theft by servant of property in possession of master under Section 381 of the Penal Code 1871 If convicted, they shall be punished with an imprisonment term that may extend to seven years and shall also be liable to fine.

“The Police take a serious view of illegal transaction of MGO in Singapore Territorial Waters and will continue to conduct enforcement and security checks to prevent, deter and detect such illicit activities in Singapore waters,” SPF added. 

 

Photo credit: Singapore Police Force
Published: 14 August, 2026

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Port & Regulatory

Gard: Sulphur-related bunker claims rise amid tighter China MSA enforcement

Claims involving excessive sulphur content in marine fuels have been rising, while stricter inspections by the China MSA have heightened the focus on sulphur compliance, particularly in the Bohai Sea.

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shraga kopstein on Unsplash

Maritime protection and indemnity (P&I) club Gard on Wednesday (12 August) highlighted that claims involving excessive sulphur content in marine fuels have been rising, while stricter inspections by the China MSA have heightened the focus on sulphur compliance, particularly in the Bohai Sea:

Rise in off-spec sulphur claims

Recent claims experience indicates that bunker quality continues to pose a significant operational risk for shipowners. In our earlier review of bunker-related claims during the first five months of 2026, we highlighted a rise in off-specification bunker incidents amid increased pressure on global fuel supply chains following the escalation of the conflict in the Middle East. 

Specifically for Sulphur compliance, between January and June 2026, the number of sulphur-related cases increased by more than threefold compared with the same period in 2025. Notably, the number of cases recorded in the first six months of this year has already exceeded the total number reported during the whole of last year by approximately 40%. 

While each case is fact-specific, the increase is notable because excessive sulphur content constitutes a MARPOL compliance issue. Unlike many other bunker quality problems, sulphur non-compliance identified through port state inspections can result in vessel delays, enforcement action, and substantial costs associated with debunkering and fuel disposal. 

The map below illustrates the geographical distribution of sulphur-related claims recorded during the first six months of 2026, based on the location where the bunkers were stemmed.

Distribution of sulphur related claims

China MSA steps up sulphur compliance enforcement

According to our correspondent, Huatai, on 5 June 2026, the maritime authorities of Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning and Shandong jointly launched a special campaign on ship pollution prevention and control in the Bohai Sea region. The campaign involves coordinated supervision by local MSA branches across the region and is expected to last nearly five months. It covers major ports and surrounding port areas in the Bohai Sea region, including Tianjin, Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, Huanghua, Jinzhou, Yingkou and Longkou. 

While the initiative is broader than bunker sulphur compliance alone, its scope includes inspections relating to air pollution prevention, SOx emissions, fuel compliance and other high-pollution-risk operations. Enforcement measures are expected to comprise onboard inspections, cross-regional enforcement activities, unannounced spot checks and remote monitoring. These efforts will be supported by a combination of UAV patrols, maritime patrol vessels, shore-based monitoring systems and rapid on-site fuel testing. 

As a result, vessels trading in the Bohai Sea region may experience increased scrutiny of fuel compliance documentation, fuel sampling records, onboard fuel management procedures, and the handling or disposal of suspected non-compliant fuel.

Documents typically requested by China MSA

Based on our recent experience, including the case discussed above, and subject to the specific requirements of the local MSA office, owners and operators may be requested to provide supporting documentation such as: 

  • Bunker documentation – Bunker Delivery Notes (BDNs), MARPOL fuel sample records, fuel test reports, and relevant fuel quality certificates. 
  • Statutory certificates – including the International Air Pollution Prevention (IAPP) Certificate and International Oil Pollution Prevention (IOPP) Certificate. 
  • Operational records – engine logbooks, deck and navigation logbooks, Oil Record Book entries, and records relating to fuel transfers, storage and consumption. 
  • Sampling documentation – the Master’s statement and any records demonstrating how fuel samples were drawn, sealed, labelled, handled and retained. 
  • Correspondence records – communications with the authorities, bunker suppliers, charterers and other relevant stakeholders. 
  • Fuel disposal records – approved disposal plans, debunkering documentation, receipts and evidence of final disposal, where applicable. 

The exact documentation required will depend on the nature of the investigation, the findings of the inspection, and the requirements of the local enforcement authority. 

Possible regulatory consequences in China

Under the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People’s Republic of China, ocean-going vessels are required to use fuel oil meeting atmospheric pollutant control requirements after berthing. Vessels operating within designated emission control areas must also comply with applicable emission standards. Article 106 provides that where vessel fuel oil fails to meet applicable standards or requirements, the competent maritime authorities may impose fines ranging from RMB 10,000 to RMB 100,000. Liability may extend to shipowners, ship operators and ship managers depending upon the circumstances of the case. 

Recommendation

Sulphur compliance should be treated as both a fuel quality and regulatory risk. Owners and operators are encouraged to take preventive steps before bunkering, act promptly if non-compliant fuel is suspected, and preserve evidence carefully if an inspection or claim arises. Under amended 

Resolution A.1206(34), Appendix 18, 2.1.5, if the BDN shows compliant fuel, but the master has independent test results of the fuel oil sample taken by the ship during the bunkering which indicates non-compliance, the master may document this by notifying the ship’s flag Administration, with copies to: 

  • the competent authority of the relevant port of destination, 
  • the Administration under whose jurisdiction the bunker deliverer is located, 
  • and to the bunker deliverer.

 

Photo credit: shraga kopstein on Unsplash / Gard
Published: 14 August, 2026

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LNG Bunkering

Shell expands LNG bunkering footprint in Spain with Valencia

As one of the region’s key maritime hubs, the company said Valencia expands the options available to shipowners seeking LNG supply along major shipping routes.

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Shell expands LNG bunkering footprint in Spain with Valencia

British oil giant Shell on Thursday (13 August) said Valencia has joined its growing network of bunkering locations, making LNG available as a marine fuel.

The successful completion of the first LNG bunkering operation in Valencia marked an important milestone for Spain and further strengthened Shell’s LNG supply capabilities across the Mediterranean. 

In a video shared by the company, bunkering vessel Alice Consulich was shown supplying an undisclosed volume of LNG to the container ship MSC Sabrina.

“As one of the region’s key maritime hubs, Valencia expands the options available to shipowners seeking LNG supply along major shipping routes,” Shell said in a social media post. 

Shell said the achievement reflected the strong collaboration across the maritime value chain, including MSC Mediterranean Shipping Company, the Port of Valencia and Fratelli Cosulich Group.

“We look forward to making more LNG bunker deliveries in Valencia and across the Mediterranean as LNG infrastructure and capabilities continue to expand,” the company said. 

 

Photo credit: Shell
Published: 14 August, 2026

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