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Argus Media: Singapore 0.5% marine fuel oil flips to backwardation

The backwardation materialised amid signs of slowing arbitrage arrivals and a slowdown in regional production of low-sulphur residuals, reports Argus Media.

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Jaslyn Ying of global energy and commodity price reporting agency Argus Media on Friday (24 July) published an analysis of the market implications signalled by the recent backwardation of low fuel oil in Singapore:

The Singapore 0.5% sulphur marine fuel oil market has flipped to backwardation on lower arbitrage arrivals and a slowdown in low-sulphur residuals production.

The time spread moved to backwardation on 22 July, with prompt-month August swaps at a $0.25/t premium to September. The backwardation was last at a wide backwardation on 14 February at $1.25/t.

The backwardation materialised amid signs of slowing arbitrage arrivals and a slowdown in regional production of low-sulphur residuals. Refiners during this year’s second quarter were mostly operating below actual refinery capacity to cope with the slowdown in demand for transport fuels because of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic.

August west of Suez arrivals of low-sulphur residual arrivals to east of Suez are expected to be around 1.8mn-2.3mn t, a fall from estimates in June of around 2.5mn-3mn t, said market participants. The fall in arbitrage arrivals was the result of global reduction in residual exports, with refiners operating below actual capacity on the back of higher crude prices and weaker domestic demand, putting a lid on arbitrage opportunities.

The impact of lower low-sulphur residuals exports east of Suez was felt from refiners in South Korea, Taiwan and even Thailand. Before a fire hit Taiwanese private-sector refiner Formosa Petrochemical’s residual desulphuriser (RDS) on 15 July, the refiner already had plans to export no low-sulphur fuel oil (LSFO) during July and August because of weaker LSFO margins. With the impact of the fire at Formosa’s RDS unit, exports of LSFO might be curbed for even a longer time, traders said.

South Korean refiners like SK Energy and Hyundai Oilbank during the second quarter were producing about 40-50% less than their actual LSFO throughput, in the absence of any firmer demand signals for the bunker fuel.

The reduced LSFO output and lower incoming arbitrage arrivals supported the Singapore 0.5% marine fuel market structure this week.

But market participants are wary of these supply factors sustaining any market firmness. The east of Suez region still has ample offshore and onshore inventories, while the demand recovery in Asia’s bunkering hubs still remains uncertain. Marine fuel sales at Singapore fell to 3.83mn t in June, down by 96,000t from May and 90,900t from a year earlier.

There are close to 30 very large crude carriers (VLCCs) on the water, up from about 25-28 VLCCs in May and June period, according to market estimates. Some of the VLCCs are carrying a combination of high-sulphur and low-sulphur residuals, as well as blending components.


Photo credit and source:
Argus Media
Published: 27 July, 2020

 

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Legal

Singapore police arrest eight over alleged illegal MGO transaction off Tuas

SPF says preliminary investigations found that crew members of a Singapore-registered tugboat misappropriated MGO worth about SGD 10,570 without their company’s knowledge and sold it illegally.

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Singapore police arrest eight over alleged illegal MGO transaction off Tuas

The Singapore Police Force (SPF) on Thursday (13 August) said it has arrested eight men, aged between 25 and 54, for their suspected involvement in an illegal transaction of Marine Gas Oil (MGO).

On 13 August 2026 at about 1.05am, officers from the Police Coast Guard (PCG) conducted a check on a Singapore-registered tugboat in the waters off Tuas and discovered that eight crew members were possibly involved in the illegal transaction of MGO. 

“Preliminary investigations revealed that the crew members of the tugboats misappropriated MGO valued at about SGD 10,570 (USD 8,258), without their company’s knowledge,” SPF said in a statement.

“The MGO was sold illegally for their personal financial gain.”

The eight crew members will be charged in court on 14 August 2026 with the offence of theft by servant of property in possession of master under Section 381 of the Penal Code 1871 If convicted, they shall be punished with an imprisonment term that may extend to seven years and shall also be liable to fine.

“The Police take a serious view of illegal transaction of MGO in Singapore Territorial Waters and will continue to conduct enforcement and security checks to prevent, deter and detect such illicit activities in Singapore waters,” SPF added. 

 

Photo credit: Singapore Police Force
Published: 14 August, 2026

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Port & Regulatory

Gard: Sulphur-related bunker claims rise amid tighter China MSA enforcement

Claims involving excessive sulphur content in marine fuels have been rising, while stricter inspections by the China MSA have heightened the focus on sulphur compliance, particularly in the Bohai Sea.

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Maritime protection and indemnity (P&I) club Gard on Wednesday (12 August) highlighted that claims involving excessive sulphur content in marine fuels have been rising, while stricter inspections by the China MSA have heightened the focus on sulphur compliance, particularly in the Bohai Sea:

Rise in off-spec sulphur claims

Recent claims experience indicates that bunker quality continues to pose a significant operational risk for shipowners. In our earlier review of bunker-related claims during the first five months of 2026, we highlighted a rise in off-specification bunker incidents amid increased pressure on global fuel supply chains following the escalation of the conflict in the Middle East. 

Specifically for Sulphur compliance, between January and June 2026, the number of sulphur-related cases increased by more than threefold compared with the same period in 2025. Notably, the number of cases recorded in the first six months of this year has already exceeded the total number reported during the whole of last year by approximately 40%. 

While each case is fact-specific, the increase is notable because excessive sulphur content constitutes a MARPOL compliance issue. Unlike many other bunker quality problems, sulphur non-compliance identified through port state inspections can result in vessel delays, enforcement action, and substantial costs associated with debunkering and fuel disposal. 

The map below illustrates the geographical distribution of sulphur-related claims recorded during the first six months of 2026, based on the location where the bunkers were stemmed.

Distribution of sulphur related claims

China MSA steps up sulphur compliance enforcement

According to our correspondent, Huatai, on 5 June 2026, the maritime authorities of Tianjin, Hebei, Liaoning and Shandong jointly launched a special campaign on ship pollution prevention and control in the Bohai Sea region. The campaign involves coordinated supervision by local MSA branches across the region and is expected to last nearly five months. It covers major ports and surrounding port areas in the Bohai Sea region, including Tianjin, Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, Huanghua, Jinzhou, Yingkou and Longkou. 

While the initiative is broader than bunker sulphur compliance alone, its scope includes inspections relating to air pollution prevention, SOx emissions, fuel compliance and other high-pollution-risk operations. Enforcement measures are expected to comprise onboard inspections, cross-regional enforcement activities, unannounced spot checks and remote monitoring. These efforts will be supported by a combination of UAV patrols, maritime patrol vessels, shore-based monitoring systems and rapid on-site fuel testing. 

As a result, vessels trading in the Bohai Sea region may experience increased scrutiny of fuel compliance documentation, fuel sampling records, onboard fuel management procedures, and the handling or disposal of suspected non-compliant fuel.

Documents typically requested by China MSA

Based on our recent experience, including the case discussed above, and subject to the specific requirements of the local MSA office, owners and operators may be requested to provide supporting documentation such as: 

  • Bunker documentation – Bunker Delivery Notes (BDNs), MARPOL fuel sample records, fuel test reports, and relevant fuel quality certificates. 
  • Statutory certificates – including the International Air Pollution Prevention (IAPP) Certificate and International Oil Pollution Prevention (IOPP) Certificate. 
  • Operational records – engine logbooks, deck and navigation logbooks, Oil Record Book entries, and records relating to fuel transfers, storage and consumption. 
  • Sampling documentation – the Master’s statement and any records demonstrating how fuel samples were drawn, sealed, labelled, handled and retained. 
  • Correspondence records – communications with the authorities, bunker suppliers, charterers and other relevant stakeholders. 
  • Fuel disposal records – approved disposal plans, debunkering documentation, receipts and evidence of final disposal, where applicable. 

The exact documentation required will depend on the nature of the investigation, the findings of the inspection, and the requirements of the local enforcement authority. 

Possible regulatory consequences in China

Under the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law of the People’s Republic of China, ocean-going vessels are required to use fuel oil meeting atmospheric pollutant control requirements after berthing. Vessels operating within designated emission control areas must also comply with applicable emission standards. Article 106 provides that where vessel fuel oil fails to meet applicable standards or requirements, the competent maritime authorities may impose fines ranging from RMB 10,000 to RMB 100,000. Liability may extend to shipowners, ship operators and ship managers depending upon the circumstances of the case. 

Recommendation

Sulphur compliance should be treated as both a fuel quality and regulatory risk. Owners and operators are encouraged to take preventive steps before bunkering, act promptly if non-compliant fuel is suspected, and preserve evidence carefully if an inspection or claim arises. Under amended 

Resolution A.1206(34), Appendix 18, 2.1.5, if the BDN shows compliant fuel, but the master has independent test results of the fuel oil sample taken by the ship during the bunkering which indicates non-compliance, the master may document this by notifying the ship’s flag Administration, with copies to: 

  • the competent authority of the relevant port of destination, 
  • the Administration under whose jurisdiction the bunker deliverer is located, 
  • and to the bunker deliverer.

 

Photo credit: shraga kopstein on Unsplash / Gard
Published: 14 August, 2026

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LNG Bunkering

Shell expands LNG bunkering footprint in Spain with Valencia

As one of the region’s key maritime hubs, the company said Valencia expands the options available to shipowners seeking LNG supply along major shipping routes.

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Shell expands LNG bunkering footprint in Spain with Valencia

British oil giant Shell on Thursday (13 August) said Valencia has joined its growing network of bunkering locations, making LNG available as a marine fuel.

The successful completion of the first LNG bunkering operation in Valencia marked an important milestone for Spain and further strengthened Shell’s LNG supply capabilities across the Mediterranean. 

In a video shared by the company, bunkering vessel Alice Consulich was shown supplying an undisclosed volume of LNG to the container ship MSC Sabrina.

“As one of the region’s key maritime hubs, Valencia expands the options available to shipowners seeking LNG supply along major shipping routes,” Shell said in a social media post. 

Shell said the achievement reflected the strong collaboration across the maritime value chain, including MSC Mediterranean Shipping Company, the Port of Valencia and Fratelli Cosulich Group.

“We look forward to making more LNG bunker deliveries in Valencia and across the Mediterranean as LNG infrastructure and capabilities continue to expand,” the company said. 

 

Photo credit: Shell
Published: 14 August, 2026

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